Forgiven or Passed Over? Part 1

Revisiting an essay—David’s Forgiveness, Part 1—I realized I had put an inordinate emphasis on the word forgiven without looking into the meaning of the original Hebrew word.  My suspicion of Bible translators feels at times like a paranoid schizophrenic’s fear of the CIA.  Lapses like this one renew my appreciation for the maxim, “Just because you’re paranoid doesn’t mean they aren’t after you.”[1]

This essay could be very short.  I could simply say that Nathan actually responded to David’s confession with the words, Yes, and the Lord has passed over[2] (ʽâbar) your sin.  You are not going to die.[3]  Such a translation would agree with Paul’s assessment of God’s past actions: God in his forbearance had passed over (πάρεσιν, a form of πάρεσις) the sins previously committed.[4]  I could simply accept the text at face value, that ʽâbar is not forgiveness and God is free to exact whatever penalty He chooses.

It seems like an ironclad argument.  But five of the twelve Bibles I checked translate ʽâbar in 2 Samuel 12:13 forgiven or forgives.  Of the remaining seven four have it put away, two are taken away, and one, Jehovah hath caused thy sin to pass away.  How different is that from forgiven really?

ʽâbar 2 Samuel 12:13

Bible Versions

forgiven NET, CEV, NAB
put away ASV, DNT, KJV, NKJV
taken away GWT, NIV
forgives TEV, TMSG
pass away YLT

Do the translators believe that this is all I should expect from the forgiveness God exalted Jesus to give to Israel?  God exalted him to his right hand as Leader and Savior, to give repentance to Israel and forgiveness (ἄφεσιν, a form of ἄφεσις) of sins.[5]  Apparently a primary verb to forgive is as absent from holy Hebrew as it is from pagan Greek.  The concept to forgive is either shoehorned into, or extrapolated from, other verbs in both languages.  [Addendum 2/14/2018: This is wrong regarding Hebrew: sâlach (סלח).]  That gives me cause to study ʽâbar in more detail to get a feel for its capacity to carry forgiveness.

I had the opportunity to go home for a month at Christmas.  Home is a relative concept.  I alternated between my mother’s house visiting her, my sister and her husband, and my ex-mother-in-law’s house about a hundred miles north visiting her, my kids, my ex-wife and her husband.  The day after I arrived I attended my son’s wedding.

We all sat in the front row.  I offered the seat next to our ex-wife to my son’s biological father.  He declined the offer and sat next to me.  (Her current husband sat on her other side.)  He is about two years from a painful break-up with his significant other.  He leaned over and whispered to me, “I don’t know how you do it.  I don’t think I could sit next to my ex, smiling, at her son’s wedding.”  He gave me the opportunity to say that I couldn’t take the credit, that it is not my doing so much as my getting out of the way of the Lord’s doing: his love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and firm control.  He received it well and acknowledged that he was seeking a similar peace.

Later, in a phone conversation with another friend who questioned me more specifically about the fruit of the Spirit, I acknowledged that sadly the Lord’s love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, and gentleness aren’t always my first impulse.  Sometimes letting the fruit of his Spirit shine through me is a matter of waiting in that firm control until the second, third or fourth impulse holds sway.  But as I think of it now there is something else that makes friendship with my ex-wife possible.

I forgave her for divorcing me.  I forgive her every night I go to bed alone and every morning I wake up.  And I will forgive her for as long as we both shall live.  “I hate divorce,” says the Lord God of Israel[6]  I don’t forgive her because I am so righteous.

Jesus taught us to pray, forgive (ἄφες, a form of ἀφίημι) us our debts, as we ourselves have forgiven (ἀφήκαμεν, another form of ἀφίημι) our debtors.[7]  I, a sinful man in need of the Father’s forgiveness, pray this daily, and I believe Jesus’ saying: For if you forgive (ἀφῆτε, another form of ἀφίημι) others their sins (παραπτώματα, a form of παράπτωμα), your heavenly Father will also forgive (ἀφήσει, another form of ἀφίημι) you.  But if you do not forgive (ἀφῆτε, another form of ἀφίημι) others, your Father will not forgive (ἀφήσει, another form of ἀφίημι) you your sins (παραπτώματα, a form of παράπτωμα).[8]

And here I probably give myself too much credit for rational consistency.  I forgive because I am schooled in this teaching by the Holy Spirit and filled continuously with his love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and firm control.  It occurs to me, however, that one who feels more righteous than I, might feel less need of the Father’s forgiveness and less compulsion to forgive others.  The fault in this logic is that the most righteous man of all prayed, Father, forgive (ἄφες, a form of ἀφίημι) them, for they don’t know what they are doing[9] as He surrendered[10] to his Father’s will.

The Father’s answer to his beloved Son’s request is the hope of all us sinners if it does not depend on human desire or exertion, but on God who shows mercy[11] (ἐλεῶντος, a form of ἐλεέω).  For God has consigned all people to disobedience (ἀπείθειαν, a form of ἀπείθεια) so that he may show mercy (ἐλεήσῃ, another form of ἐλεέω) to them all.[12]  What shall we say then?  Is there injustice with God?  Absolutely not!  For he says to Moses: I will have mercy (ἐλεήσω, another form of ἐλεέω) on whom I have mercy (ἐλεῶ, another form of ἐλεέω), and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.”[13]

The Greek word ὡς persuades me that forgiveness is, and will be perceived as, a relative as opposed to an absolute concept.  So then, be perfect, as (ὡς) your heavenly Father is perfect.[14]  Whenever you pray, do not be like (ὡς) the hypocrites[15]  …may your will be done on earth as (ὡς) it is in heaven.[16]  …and forgive us our debts, as (ὡς) we ourselves have forgiven our debtors.[17]  The absolute on/off positions are clear.[18]  But some form of continuum from none to full pardon seems to be indicated by ὡς, contingent upon that quality of forgiveness we extend to others.

Still, I would suggest that we will be inclined to extend the same forgiveness to others that we believe we receive from God.  If that forgiveness seems to include punishment we are more likely to believe that some form of punishment should be meted out with our forgiveness as well.  Or if the one extending such forgiveness has no authority to punish, conditions may be attached, making forgiveness something that must be earned as opposed to something graciously given and received.  I take the interaction between David and Shimei as a case in point.

As David fled from Jerusalem during the events that fulfilled the Lord’s promise to bring disaster (raʽ ) on you from inside your own household,[19] Shimei threw stones and yelled, “Leave!  Leave!  You man of bloodshed, you wicked man!  The Lord has punished (shûb) you for all the spilled blood of the house of Saul, in whose place you rule.  Now the Lord has given the kingdom into the hand of your son Absalom.  Disaster (raʽ ) has overtaken you, for you are a man of bloodshed [Table]!”[20]  Clearly, Shimei’s assessment does not agree with Nathan the prophet’s assessment.

Nathan the Prophet’s Assessment

This is what the Lord God of Israel says:

2 Samuel 12:7b (NET) Table

Why have you shown contempt for the word of the Lord by doing evil in my sight?

2 Samuel 12:9a (NET) Table

You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword…

2 Samuel 12:9b (NET)

…and you have taken his wife as your own!

2 Samuel 2:9c (NET)

You have killed him with the sword of the Ammonites.  So now the sword will never depart from your house.

2 Samuel 12:9d, 10a (NET)

For you have despised me by taking the wife of Uriah the Hittite as your own!

2 Samuel 12:10b (NET) Table

I am about to bring disaster on you from inside your own household!  Right before your eyes I will take your wives and hand them over to your companion.  He will have sexual relations with your wives in broad daylight!  Although you have acted in secret, I will do this thing before all Israel, and in broad daylight.

2 Samuel 12:11, 12 (NET) Table1 Table2

Then David exclaimed to Nathan, “I have sinned against the Lord!”  Nathan replied to David, “Yes, and the Lord has ʽâbar your sin.  You are not going to die.

2 Samuel 12:13 (NET) Table

Nonetheless, because you have treated the Lord with such contempt in this matter, the son who has been born to you will certainly die.

2 Samuel 12:14 (NET) Table

The Hebrew word translated punished (shûb) is not found among the words the Lord God of Israel spoke through Nathan,[21] though I have certainly interpreted them as if they described recompense.  As a child I assumed that “forgiveness” only pertained to hell.  I believed that God would still punish me for my sins some other way.  He couldn’t help Himself, I thought, it’s who He is.

Abishai couldn’t tolerate hearing his king and commander spoken to as Shimei had spoken to him: Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king?  Let me go over (ʽâbar) and cut off his head![22]  Abishai’s use of ʽâbar doesn’t sound much like forgiveness, but David said, “What do we have in common, you sons of Zeruiah?  If he curses because the Lord has said to him, ‘Curse David!’, who can say to him, ‘Why have you done this [Table]?’”[23]  David exercised what I have come to call an experimental faith (2 Samuel 16:11, 12 NKJV):

And David said to Abishai and all his servants, “See how my son who came from my own body seeks my life.  How much more now may this Benjamite?  Let him alone, and let him curse; for so the Lord has ordered him [Table].  It may be that the Lord will look on my affliction, and that the Lord will repay (shûb) me with good for his cursing this day [Table].”

As David returned, lamenting his Pyrrhic victory[24] over his son Absalom, Shimei was one of the first[25] to greet him.  Don’t think badly of me, my lord, he said, and don’t recall the sin of your servant on the day when you, my lord the king, left Jerusalem!  Please don’t call it to mind!  For I, your servant, know that I sinned, and I have come today as the first of all the house of Joseph to come down to meet my lord the king.[26]  These are reminiscent of David’s words after Nathan confronted him (Psalm 51:1-3 NET):

Have mercy on me, O God, because of your loyal love!  Because of your great compassion, wipe away my rebellious acts! [Table]  Wash away my wrongdoing!  Cleanse me of my sin! [Table]  For I am aware of my rebellious acts; I am forever conscious of my sin [Table].

Abishai, who may have been hiding with David in the cave when Saul entered to relieve himself,[27] pursued a pious good (possibly expecting David’s approval): For this should not Shimei be put to death?  After all, he cursed the Lord’s anointed (mâshı̂yach)![28]  But David seemed to pursue something more like a beautiful good: What do we have in common, you sons of Zeruiah?  You are like my enemy today!  Should anyone be put to death in Israel today?  Don’t you realize that today I am king over Israel?[29]

David said to Shimei, “You won’t die.”  The king vowed an oath concerning this.[30]  Here it sounds like he forgave Shimei.  But apparently that wasn’t the case.  He held onto his grudge against Shimei for the rest of his life.  With his dying breath[31] he instructed Solomon, another son by Bathsheba (1 Kings 2:8, 9 NET):

Note well, you still have to contend with Shimei son of Gera, the Benjaminite from Bahurim, who tried to call down upon me a horrible judgment when I went to Mahanaim.  He came down and met me at the Jordan, and I solemnly promised him by the Lord, ‘I will not strike you down with the sword.’  But now don’t treat him as if he were innocent.  You are a wise man and you know how to handle him; make sure he has a bloody death.

The Lord however didn’t treat David that way.  He didn’t recall David’s sin when He spoke to Jeroboams’s wife by Ahijah the prophet (1 Kings 14:7, 8 NET Table1 Table2):

“Go, tell Jeroboam, ‘This is what the Lord God of Israel says: “I raised you up from among the people and made you ruler over my people Israel.  I tore the kingdom away from the Davidic dynasty and gave it to you. But you are not like my servant David, who kept my commandments and followed me wholeheartedly by doing only (raq) what I approve.”’”

This is another reason I wish to look deeper into ʽâbar.  Whatever it means, it altered reality for the God, who does not lie[32] when He extended it to David.

[1] http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/98153-just-because-you-re-paranoid-doesn-t-mean-they-aren-t-after-you

[2] The first occurrence in the Bible is Genesis 8:1b (NKJV), And God made a wind to pass (ʽâbar) over the earth, and the waters subsided.

[3] 2 Samuel 12:13b (NET) Table

[4] Romans 3:25b (NET)

[5] Acts 5:31 (NET)

[6] Malachi 2:16a (NET) Table

[7] Matthew 6:12 (NET) Table

[8] Matthew 6:14, 15 (NET) Table

[9] Luke 23:34a (NET) Table

[10] Or do you think that I cannot call on my Father, and that he would send me more than twelve legions of angels right now?  How then would the scriptures that say it must happen this way be fulfilled (πληρωθῶσιν, a form of πληρόω)? (Matthew 26:53, 54 NET) Table

[11] Romans 9:16 (NET) Table

[12] Romans 11:32 (NET)

[13] Romans 9:14, 15 (NET)

[14] Matthew 5:48 (NET)

[15] Matthew 6:5a (NET) Table

[16] Matthew 6:10b (NET)

[17] Matthew 6:12 (NET)

[18] Matthew 6:14, 15 (NET)

[19] 2 Samuel 12:11 (NET) Table

[20] 2 Samuel 16:7, 8 (NET)

[21] It does occur in the description of events leading up to and following those words (2 Samuel 11:4, 15; 12:23) but seems to be used in its more literal sense, to return.

[22] 2 Samuel 16:9 (NET)

[23] 2 Samuel 16:10 (NET)

[24] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrrhic_victory See: 2 Samuel 18:33 (NET)

[25] 2 Samuel 19:16 (NET)

[26] 2 Samuel 19:19, 20 (NET)

[27] 1 Samuel 24:3 (NET)

[28] 2 Samuel 19:21 (NET)  See also: 1 Samuel 24:6 (NET)

[29] 2 Samuel 19:22 (NET)

[30] 2 Samuel 19:23 (NET)

[31] 1 Kings 2:10 (NET)

[32] Titus 1:2 (NET)

David’s Forgiveness, Part 13

The fulfillment of Nathan’s prophesyThis is what the Lord says: ‘I am about to bring disaster on you from inside your own household!  Right before your eyes I will take your wives and hand them over to your companion.  He will have sexual relations with your wives in broad daylight!1—was dependent on David’s love and mercy for his sons, particularly Absalom.  The fulfillment of this promise then was dependent on David’s righteousness in a word, on his being a man after God’s own heart.  And I use the word dependent advisedly.  I don’t mean that God would have been unable to fulfill his promise if David, by punishing Amnon or executing Absalom, for instance, had actively attempted to thwart Him.  I mean simply that the Scripture presents me with a fact, David through love and mercy aided and abetted God in bringing disaster on himself.

And I am more convinced than ever that this particular concatenation of events cannot be construed as punishment for sin so much as the personal consequence of forgiveness.  God knew David would behave this way.  And, frankly, punishment for sin is more straightforward, less convoluted.  When David inquired of the Lord about a three year famine, the answer was simple, It is because of Saul and his bloodstained family, because he murdered the Gibeonites.2

Exactly when Saul murdered the Gibeonites is not obvious, unless they were among the victims killed at Nob by Doeg the Edomite.3  Joshua swore an oath to [the Gibeonites] in the name of the Lord God of Israel,4 and God honored that oath, one of mercy and compassion,5 centuries later.  David asked the Gibeonites, What can I do for you, and how can I make amends so that you will bless the Lord’s inheritance?6  The Gibeonites demanded seven of Saul’s male descendants.  The seven were executed and that year’s harvest was apparently a good one.  Though this sounds strange to contemporary ears it was fully in keeping with the promise of the law: I, the Lord, your God, am a jealous God, responding to the transgression of fathers by dealing with children to the third and fourth generations of those who reject me...7  To paraphrase Paul a bit, Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, do you not hear the law?8

I am persuaded, though I can’t reconcile all the details, that the events I called “David’s personal karma from the hand of Jesus,” have something to do with God prevailing when he is judged,9 and this has something to do with all things working together for good for those who love God,10 and making sins as white as snow.11  But does that mean that the believer in Jesus should expect a forgiven life something like David’s, not in specific detail but general contour?  Or has the Lord Jesus’ sacrifice taken care of all that once for all?  I have gone back and forth on this question many times.

Surely I hoped that trusting Jesus would lead to a life relatively free of suffering, that I would be healthy, wealthy and wise, so to speak.  I realize now that hope was essentially Asaph’s description of the lifestyle of the proud and wicked, when he envied those who are proud, as [he] observed the prosperity of the wicked12 (See Addendum below).

For they suffer no pain; their bodies are strong and well-fed.  They are immune to the trouble common to men; they do not suffer as other men do.  Arrogance is their necklace, and violence their clothing.  Their prosperity causes them to do wrong; their thoughts are sinful.  They mock and say evil things; they proudly threaten violence.  They speak as if they rule in heaven, and lay claim to the earth.  Therefore they have more than enough food to eat, and even suck up the water of the sea.  They say, “How does God know what we do?  Is the sovereign one aware of what goes on?”  Take a good look!  This is what the wicked are like, those who always have it so easy and get richer and richer.13

Paul didn’t require ever increasing prosperity from the Lord as a basis for his faith: I have learned to be content in any circumstance.  I14 have experienced times of need and times of abundance. In any and every circumstance I have learned the secret of contentment, whether I go satisfied or hungry, have plenty or nothing.  I am able to do all things through the one15 who strengthens me.16  I recognize that this last verse is used to mean all sorts of things out of context but as I look at the Greek it seems to be saying something more like “in all I am able in this that strengthens me.”  The ability is to be content (αὐτάρκης) in this case, and that which strengthened Paul to that ability were the times of need (ταπεινοῦσθαι, a form of ταπεινόω) and times of abundance (περισσεύειν, a form of περισσεύω) he learned (ἔμαθον, a form of μανθάνω) from.

This is not to say that Paul didn’t learn this contentment from Christ.  Apart from Christ one is just as likely to learn a different lesson from need.  “If I have to lie, steal, cheat or kill, as God is my witness, I’ll never be hungry again,” Scarlett O’Hara vowed dramatically before the intermission of the film Gone with the Wind.  When I was young and single after my first divorce I quit my job to study despite my Pastor’s counsel that he couldn’t see why anyone would give up a good job.  Now that I’m about the age he was when he said it, with two children in college, I relocated to keep my job (and my health insurance) despite the fact that I was cared for through all the years I had no permanent employment.  So am I faithless or prudent?

Let me add this as well.  Before I moved my ex-wife called to say that she, our daughter and son, and her mother would prefer my presence over my money.  In fact, her mother stated frankly that paying a child’s college tuition is wrong; children should pay for it themselves.  Still, I promised our children local college.  So, am I behaving like Jephthah, keeping my own word?  I think these are the kinds of things Asaph meant when he wrote, I concluded, “Surely in vain I have kept my motives pure and maintained a pure lifestyle.  I suffer all day long, and am punished every morning.”17

The word translated punished (tôḵēḥâ, ותוכחתי) was more commonly translated rebuke(s) or reproof in the NET.  It was translated argument(s) in Job and Hosea.  It was not translated in Psalm 39:11 (See Addendum below) in the NET but was translated rebukes in the NKJV: When with rebukes (tôḵēḥâ, בתוכחות) You correct (yāsar, יסרת) man for iniquity, You make his beauty melt away like a moth; Surely every man is vapor.18  It is not too hard to imagine beauty melting away as punishment.  But from my perspective waiting for punishment wastes the short time one has to know God here and now.  There is rebuke, reproof and argument in abundance for anyone who actively studies the Bible to know Him.

Wisdom personified speaks in the Proverbs: If only you will respond to my rebuke, then I will pour out my thoughts to you and I will make my words known to you.19  But there are consequences for rejecting Wisdom: However, because I called but you refused to listen, because I stretched out my hand but no one paid attention, because you neglected all my advice, and did not comply with my rebuke, so I myself will laugh when disaster strikes you20

Then they will call to me, Wisdom continued, but I will not answer; they will diligently seek me, but they will not find me.  Because they hated moral knowledge, and did not choose to fear the Lord, they did not comply with my advice, they spurned all my rebuke.  Therefore they will eat from the fruit of their way, and they will be stuffed full of their own counsel.  For the waywardness of the simpletons will kill them, and the careless ease of fools will destroy them (See Addendum below).21  And despite what Asaph thought when his feet almost slipped,22 Wisdom concluded: But the one who listens to me will live in security, and will be at ease from the dread of harm.23

The Proverbs have much more to say about rebuke (translated punished in Psalm 73:14 NET): My child, do not despise discipline from the Lord, and do not loathe his rebuke.24  For the commandments are like a lamp, instruction is like a light, and rebukes of discipline are like the road leading to life25  The one who heeds instruction is on the way to life, but the one who rejects rebuke goes astray.26  The one who loves discipline loves knowledge, but the one who hates reproof is stupid.27  The one who neglects discipline ends up in poverty and shame, but the one who accepts reproof is honored.28  A fool rejects his father’s discipline, but whoever heeds reproof shows good sense.29  The person who hears the reproof that leads to life is at home among the wise.30  The one who refuses correction despises himself, but whoever hears reproof acquires understanding.31

There are warnings in Proverbs against rejecting rebuke or reproof: Severe discipline is for the one who abandons the way; the one who hates reproof will die (See Addendum below).32  The one who stiffens his neck after numerous rebukes will suddenly be destroyed without remedy (See Addendum below).33  This latter warning is similar to what ultimately comforted Asaph (Psalm 73:15-20a NET):

If I had publicized these thoughts, I would have betrayed your loyal followers.  When I tried to make sense of this, it was troubling to me.  Then I entered the precincts of God’s temple, and understood the destiny of the wicked.  Surely you put them in slippery places; you bring them down to ruin.  How desolate they become in a mere moment!  Terrifying judgments make their demise complete!  They are like a dream after one wakes up.

Obviously I find it difficult to be comforted by this, but I wasn’t socialized in Old Testament times.  Exterminating the wicked inhabitants of the promised land and ruthlessly rooting out the sinner in their midst were major themes of Israel’s socialization.  Forgiveness of sin and sinners is the major theme of mine.  It is Jesus who announced and demanded this age of forgiveness, and Jesus who expounded eternal punishment in a lake of fire or the outer darkness for rejecting it.  The economy, if you will, has changed dramatically, making it much easier to forgive others.  No matter how offended I am or how begrudgingly I cling to my grudge, it is no match for eternal punishment, and I forgive from my heart so that [my] Father in heaven will also forgive [me my] sins.34

So I can assume that my life, trusting Jesus, will be filled with rebuke and security, reproof and ease from the dread of harm.  And if I look back and examine my life since I trusted in Him I do find that it has been filled with rebuke and security, reproof and ease from the dread of harm.  But still, I doubt sometimes and think if I only believed, I mean truly believed in Jesus, then that charmed existence I imagined before all of this began might be mine.  Oh, yeah, well, you know, like Asaph described the proud and the wicked.

 

Addendum: June 15, 2021
The different translations of Psalm 73:3-12 (72:3-12) are worth noting.

Masoretic Text

Septuagint
Psalm 73:3-12 (Tanakh) Psalm 73:3-12 (NET) Psalm 72:3-12 (NETS)

Psalm 72:3-12 (Elpenor English)

For I was envious at the foolish, when I saw the prosperity of the wicked. For I envied those who are proud, as I observed the prosperity of the wicked. because I was envious of the lawless, as I observed sinners’ peace, For I was jealous of the transgressors, beholding the tranquility of sinners.
For there are no bands in their death: but their strength is firm. For they suffer no pain; their bodies are strong and well fed. because there is nothing negative to their death and no firmness in their scourge. For there is no sign of reluctance in their death: and [they have] firmness under their affliction.
They are not in trouble as other men; neither are they plagued like other men. They are immune to the trouble common to men; they do not suffer as other men do. They are not in trouble of human beings, and with human beings they will not e scourged. They are not in the troubles of [other] men; and they shall not be scourged with [other] men.
Therefore pride compasseth them about as a chain; violence covereth them as a garment. Arrogance is their necklace, and violence covers them like clothing. Therefore pride seized them; they clothed themselves with injustice and their impiety. Therefore pride has possessed them; they have clothed themselves with their injustice and ungodliness.
Their eyes stand out with fatness: they have more than heart could wish. Their prosperity causes them to do wrong; their thoughts are sinful. Their injustice will go forth as though from fat; they progressed according to their heart’s disposition. Their injustice shall go forth as out of fatness: they have fulfilled their intention.
They are corrupt, and speak wickedly concerning oppression: they speak loftily. They mock and say evil things; they proudly threaten violence. They schemed and spoke with malice; injustice they spoke against the height. They have taken counsel and spoken in wickedness: they have uttered unrighteousness loftily.
They set their mouth against the heavens, and their tongue walketh through the earth. They speak as if they rule in heaven, and lay claim to the earth. They set their mouths against heaven, and their tongues ranged over the earth. They have set their mouth against heaven, and their tongue has gone through upon the earth.
Therefore his people return hither: and waters of a full cup are wrung out to them. Therefore they have more than enough food to eat and even suck up the water of the sea. Therefore my people will return here, and full days will be found for them. Therefore shall my people return hither: and full days shall be found with them.
And they say, How doth God know? and is there knowledge in the most High? They say, “How does God know what we do?  Is the Most High aware of what goes on?” And they said, “How did God know?” and “Is there knowedge in the Most High?” And they said, How does God know? and is there knowledge in the Most High?
Behold, these are the ungodly, who prosper in the world; they increase in riches. Take a good look.  This is what the wicked are like, those who always have it so easy and get richer and richer. Look, these are sinners and are flourishing; always did they possess wealth. Behold, these [are] the sinners, and they that prosper always: they have possessed wealth.

The different translations of Psalm 39:11 (38:12) are worth noting.

Masoretic Text

Septuagint
Psalm 39:11 (Tanakh) Psalm 39:11 (NET) Psalm 38:12 (NETS)

Psalm 38:12 (Elpenor English)

When thou with rebukes dost correct man for iniquity, thou makest his beauty to consume away like a moth: surely every man is vanity.  Selah.
You severely discipline people for their sins; like a moth you slowly devour their strength.  Surely all people are a mere vapor.  (Selah)
“With reproofs for lawlessnes you disciplined a person and melted his soul like a spider’s web; surely, every person is in turmoil for nothing.

Interlude on strings

Thou chastenest man with rebukes for iniquity, and thou makest his life to consume away like a spider’s web; nay, every man is disquieted in vain.  Pause.

I found the different translations of Proverbs 1:28-32 interesting enough to comment on:

Masoretic Text

Septuagint
Proverbs 1:28-32 (Tanakh) Proverbs 1:28-32 (NET) Proverbs 1:28-32 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:28-32 (Elpenor English)

Then shall they call upon me, but I will not answer; they shall seek me early, but they shall not find me: Then they will call to me, but I will not answer; they will diligently seek me, but they will not find me. for it shall be when you call upon me, then I will not listen to you; evil people will seek me but will not find me, For it shall be that when ye call upon me, I will not hearken to you: wicked men shall seek me, but shall not find [me].
For that they hated knowledge, and did not choose the fear of the LORD: Because they hated moral knowledge and did not choose to fear the Lord, for they hated wisdom and did not choose the fear of the Lord, For they hated wisdom, and did not choose the word of the Lord:
They would none of my counsel: they despised all my reproof. they did not comply with my advice; they spurned all my rebuke. nor were they willing to pay attention to my counsels but despised my reproofs. neither would they attend to my counsels, but derided my reproofs.
Therefore shall they eat of the fruit of their own way, and be filled with their own devices. Therefore they will eat from the fruit of their way, and they will be stuffed full of their own counsel. Therefore they shall eat of the fruits of their own way and be filled with their own impiety, Therefore shall they eat the fruits of their own way, and shall be filled with their own ungodliness.
For the turning away of the simple shall slay them, and the prosperity of fools shall destroy them. For the waywardness of the simpletons will kill them, and the careless ease of fools will destroy them. for, because they would wrong the simple, they will be murdered and an inquiry will ruin the impious. For because they wronged the simple, they shall be slain; and an inquisition shall ruin the ungodly.

Christ is the power of God and the wisdom of God.35  This is often denied here because Jesus wouldn’t laugh when disaster strikes you or mock when what you dread comes.36  The Septuagint tipped the scales for me: therefore I in turn will also laugh (ἐπιγελάσομαι, a form of ἐπιγελάω) at your destruction, and I will rejoice (καταχαροῦμαι, a form of καταχαίρω) when ruin comes upon you.37

The Greek word ἐπιγελάω can mean “to laugh at, mock, jeer” or “to laugh approvingly at (something).”  The Greek word καταχαίρω can mean “to exult with malicious joy” or “to rejoice, to exult over.”  The choice will be determined by what the hearer believes about Jesus, the wisdom of God.  I’m hearing the death and resurrection motif again.

How often does one in some kind of calamity cry out to God and then ignore Him once that calamity has passed?  Jesus didn’t grant that one eternal life to knowthe only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom [He] sent.38  This one who hated wisdom and did not choose the fear (φόβον, a form of φόβος) of the Lord,39 the word (λόγον, a form of λόγος) of the Lord (Elpenor English), desired Jesus’ death and resurrection only after being satiated with his own way: Therefore they will eat from the fruit of their way, and they will be stuffed full of their own counsel,40 devices (Tanakh), impiety (NETS), ungodliness (Elpenor English).  Now I want to know Him through faith in his word rather than guess at the vicissitudes of my life.

The translations of the first clause of Proverbs 15:10 vary considerably:

Masoretic Text

Septuagint
Proverbs 15:10 (Tanakh) Proverbs 15:10 (NET) Proverbs 15:10 (NETS)

Proverbs 15:10 (Elpenor English)

Correction is grievous unto him that forsaketh the way: and he that hateth reproof shall die. Severe discipline is for the one who abandons the way; the one who hates reproof will die. The discipline of the innocent is known by passersby, but those who hate rebukes die disgracefully. The instruction of the simple is known by them that pass by; but they that hate reproofs die disgracefully.

The differences in the first clause of Proverbs 29:1 between the Masoretic text and Septuagint are worth noting.

Masoretic Text

Septuagint
Proverbs 29:1 (Tanakh) Proverbs 29:1 (NET) Proverbs 29:1 (NETS)

Proverbs 29:1 (Elpenor English)

He, that being often reproved hardeneth his neck, shall suddenly be destroyed, and that without remedy. The one who stiffens his neck after numerous rebukes will suddenly be destroyed without remedy. A man who reproves is better than a stubborn man, for, when he is suddenly set on fire, there is no healing. A reprover is better than a stiff-necked man: for when the latter is suddenly set on fire, there shall be no remedy.

Tables comparing 2 Samuel 21:1; Joshua 9:19; 2 Samuel 21:3; Psalm 73:3; 73:4; 73:5; 73:6; 73:7; 73:8; 73:9; 73:10; 73:11; 73:12; 73:13; 73:14; 39:11; Proverbs 1:23; 1:24; 1:25; 1:26; 1:28; 1:29; 1:30; 1:31; 1:32; Psalm 73:2; Proverbs 1:33; 3:11; 6:23; 10:17; 12:1; 13:18; 15:5; 15:31; 15:32; 15:10; 29:1; Psalm 73:15; 73:16; 73:17; 73:18; 73:19 and 73:20 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and tables comparing the Greek of 2 Samuel (Reigns, Kings) 21:1; Joshua 9:19; 2 Samuel (Reigns, Kings) 21:3; Psalm 73:3 (72:3); 73:4 (72:4); 73:5 (72:5); 73:6 (72:6); 73:7 (72:7); 73:8 (72:8); 73:9 (72:9); 73:10 (72:10); 73:11 (72:11); 73:12 (72:12); 73:13 (72:13); 73:14 (73:14); 39:11 (38:12); Proverbs 1:23; 1:24; 1:25; 1:26; 1:28; 1:29; 1:30; 1:31; 1:32; Psalm 73:2 (72:2); Proverbs 1:33; 3:11; 6:23; 10:17; 12:1; 13:18; 15:5; 15:31; 15:32; 15:10; 29:1; Psalm 73:15 (72:15); 73:16 (72:16); 73:17 (72:17); 73:18 (72:18); 73:19 (72:19) and 73:20 (72:20) in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor), and tables comparing Philippians 4:12, 13 in the NET and KJV follow.

2 Samuel 21:1 (Tanakh)

2 Samuel 21:1 (KJV)

2 Samuel 21:1 (NET)

And there was a famine in the days of David three years, year after year; and David sought the face of HaShem.  And HaShem said: ‘It is for Saul, and for his bloody house, because he put to death the Gibeonites.’ Then there was a famine in the days of David three years, year after year; and David enquired of the LORD.  And the LORD answered, It is for Saul, and for his bloody house, because he slew the Gibeonites. During David’s reign there was a famine for three consecutive years.  So David inquired of the Lord.  The Lord said, “It is because of Saul and his bloodstained family, because he murdered the Gibeonites.”

2 Samuel 21:1 (Septuagint BLB)

2 Kings 21:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ ἐγένετο λιμὸς ἐν ταῗς ἡμέραις Δαυιδ τρία ἔτη ἐνιαυτὸς ἐχόμενος ἐνιαυτοῦ καὶ ἐζήτησεν Δαυιδ τὸ πρόσωπον τοῦ κυρίου καὶ εἶπεν κύριος ἐπὶ Σαουλ καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ ἀδικία διὰ τὸ αὐτὸν θανάτῳ αἱμάτων περὶ οὗ ἐθανάτωσεν τοὺς Γαβαωνίτας ΚΑΙ ἐγένετο λιμὸς ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις Δαυὶδ τρία ἔτη, ἐνιαυτὸς ἐχόμενος ἐνιαυτοῦ, καὶ ἐζήτησε Δαυὶδ τὸ πρόσωπον Κυρίου. καὶ εἶπε Κύριος· ἐπὶ Σαοὺλ καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ ἀδικία ἐν θανάτῳ αἱμάτων αὐτοῦ, περὶ οὗ ἐθανάτωσε τοὺς Γαβαωνίτας

2 Reigns 21:1 (NETS)

2 Kings 21:1 (English Elpenor)

And there was a famine in the days of Dauid for three years, year next to year, and Dauid sought the face of the Lord.  And the Lord said, “There is an injustice upon Saoul and upon his house, because he put to death by a death of blood, on account of which he put to death the Gabaonites.” And there was a famine in the days of David three years, year after year; and David sought the face of the Lord.  And the Lord said, [There is] guilt upon Saul and his house because of his bloody murder, whereby he slew the Gabaonites.

Joshua 9:19 (Tanakh)

Joshua 9:19 (KJV)

Joshua 9:19 (NET)

But all the princes said unto all the congregation, We have sworn unto them by the LORD God of Israel: now therefore we may not touch them. But all the princes said unto all the congregation, We have sworn unto them by the LORD God of Israel: now therefore we may not touch them. but all the leaders told the whole community, “We swore an oath to them in the name of the Lord God of Israel!  So now we can’t hurt them.

Joshua 9:19 (Septuagint BLB)

Joshua 9:19 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ εἶπαν οἱ ἄρχοντες πάσῃ τῇ συναγωγῇ ἡμεῗς ὠμόσαμεν αὐτοῗς κύριον τὸν θεὸν Ισραηλ καὶ νῦν οὐ δυνησόμεθα ἅψασθαι αὐτῶν καὶ εἶπαν οἱ ἄρχοντες πάσῃ τῇ συναγωγῇ· ἡμεῖς ὠμόσαμεν αὐτοῖς Κύριον τὸν Θεὸν ᾿Ισραὴλ καὶ νῦν οὐ δυνησόμεθα ἅψασθαι αὐτῶν

Joshua 9:19 (NETS)

Joshua 9:19 (English Elpenor)

And the leaders said to all the congregation, “We have sworn to them by the Lord, the God of Irael, and now we shall not be able to touch them. And the princes said to all the congregation: We have sworn to them by the Lord God of Israel, and now we shall not be able to touch them.

2 Samuel 21:3 (Tanakh)

2 Samuel 21:3 (KJV)

2 Samuel 21:3 (NET)

and David said unto the Gibeonites: ‘What shall I do for you? and wherewith shall I make atonement, that ye may bless the inheritance of HaShem?’ Wherefore David said unto the Gibeonites, What shall I do for you? and wherewith shall I make the atonement, that ye may bless the inheritance of the LORD? David said to the Gibeonites, “What can I do for you, and how can I make amends so that you will bless the Lord’s inheritance?”

2 Samuel 21:3 (Septuagint BLB)

2 Kings 21:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ εἶπεν Δαυιδ πρὸς τοὺς Γαβαωνίτας τί ποιήσω ὑμῗν καὶ ἐν τίνι ἐξιλάσομαι καὶ εὐλογήσετε τὴν κληρονομίαν κυρίου καὶ εἶπε Δαυὶδ πρὸς τοὺς Γαβαωνίτας· τί ποιήσω ἡμῖν καὶ ἐν τίνι ἐξιλάσομαι καὶ εὐλογήσετε τὴν κληρονομίαν Κυρίου

2 Reigns 21:3 (NETS)

2 Kings 21:3 (English Elpenor)

And Dauid said to the Gabaonites, “What shall I do for you? And in what way shall I make atonement, and you will bless the inheritance of the Lord?” And David said to the Gabaonites, What shall I do to you? and wherewithal shall I make atonement, that ye may bless the inheritance of the Lord?

Psalm 73:3 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:3 (KJV)

Psalm 73:3 (NET)

For I was envious at the foolish, when I saw the prosperity of the wicked. For I was envious at the foolish, when I saw the prosperity of the wicked. For I envied those who are proud, as I observed the prosperity of the wicked.

Psalm 73:3 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ὅτι ἐζήλωσα ἐπὶ τοῗς ἀνόμοις εἰρήνην ἁμαρτωλῶν θεωρῶν ὅτι ἐζήλωσα ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀνόμοις εἰρήνην ἁμαρτωλῶν θεωρῶν

Psalm 72:3 (NETS)

Psalm 72:3 (English Elpenor)

because I was envious of the lawless, as I observed sinners’ peace, For I was jealous of the transgressors, beholding the tranquility of sinners.

Psalm 73:4 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:4 (KJV)

Psalm 73:4 (NET)

For there are no bands in their death: but their strength is firm. For there are no bands in their death: but their strength is firm. For they suffer no pain; their bodies are strong and well fed.

Psalm 73:4 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:4 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἀνάνευσις τῷ θανάτῳ αὐτῶν καὶ στερέωμα ἐν τῇ μάστιγι αὐτῶν ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἀνάνευσις ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ αὐτῶν καὶ στερέωμα ἐν τῇ μάστιγι αὐτῶν

Psalm 72:4 (NETS)

Psalm 72:4 (English Elpenor)

because there is nothing negative to their death and no firmness in their scourge. For there is no sign of reluctance in their death: and [they have] firmness under their affliction.

Psalm 73:5 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:5 (KJV)

Psalm 73:5 (NET)

They are not in trouble as other men; neither are they plagued like other men. They are not in trouble as other men; neither are they plagued like other men. They are immune to the trouble common to men; they do not suffer as other men do.

Psalm 73:5 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:5 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἐν κόποις ἀνθρώπων οὐκ εἰσὶν καὶ μετὰ ἀνθρώπων οὐ μαστιγωθήσονται ἐν κόποις ἀνθρώπων οὐκ εἰσὶ καὶ μετὰ ἀνθρώπων οὐ μαστιγωθήσονται

Psalm 72:5 (NETS)

Psalm 72:5 (English Elpenor)

They are not in trouble of human beings, and with human beings they will not e scourged. They are not in the troubles of [other] men; and they shall not be scourged with [other] men.

Psalm 73:6 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:6 (KJV)

Psalm 73:6 (NET)

Therefore pride compasseth them about as a chain; violence covereth them as a garment. Therefore pride compasseth them about as a chain; violence covereth them as a garment. Arrogance is their necklace, and violence covers them like clothing.

Psalm 73:6 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:6 (Septuagint Elpenor)

διὰ τοῦτο ἐκράτησεν αὐτοὺς ἡ ὑπερηφανία περιεβάλοντο ἀδικίαν καὶ ἀσέβειαν αὐτῶν διὰ τοῦτο ἐκράτησεν αὐτοὺς ἡ ὑπερηφανία, περιεβάλοντο ἀδικίαν καὶ ἀσέβειαν ἑαυτῶν

Psalm 72:6 (NETS)

Psalm 72:6 (English Elpenor)

Therefore pride seized them; they clothed themselves with injustice and their impiety. Therefore pride has possessed them; they have clothed themselves with their injustice and ungodliness.

Psalm 73:7 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:7 (KJV)

Psalm 73:7 (NET)

Their eyes stand out with fatness: they have more than heart could wish. Their eyes stand out with fatness: they have more than heart could wish. Their prosperity causes them to do wrong; their thoughts are sinful.

Psalm 73:7 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:7 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἐξελεύσεται ὡς ἐκ στέατος ἡ ἀδικία αὐτῶν διήλθοσαν εἰς διάθεσιν καρδίας ἐξελεύσεται ὡς ἐκ στέατος ἡ ἀδικία αὐτῶν, διῆλθον εἰς διάθεσιν καρδίας

Psalm 72:7 (NETS)

Psalm 72:7 (English Elpenor)

Their injustice will go forth as though from fat; they progressed according to their heart’s disposition. Their injustice shall go forth as out of fatness: they have fulfilled their intention.

Psalm 73:8 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:8 (KJV)

Psalm 73:8 (NET)

They are corrupt, and speak wickedly concerning oppression: they speak loftily. They are corrupt, and speak wickedly concerning oppression: they speak loftily. They mock and say evil things; they proudly threaten violence.

Psalm 73:8 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:8 (Septuagint Elpenor)

διενοήθησαν καὶ ἐλάλησαν ἐν πονηρίᾳ ἀδικίαν εἰς τὸ ὕψος ἐλάλησαν διενοήθησαν καὶ ἐλάλησαν ἐν πονηρίᾳ, ἀδικίαν εἰς τὸ ὕψος ἐλάλησαν

Psalm 72:8 (NETS)

Psalm 72:8 (English Elpenor)

They schemed and spoke with malice; injustice they spoke against the height. They have taken counsel and spoken in wickedness: they have uttered unrighteousness loftily.

Psalm 73:9 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:9 (KJV)

Psalm 73:9 (NET)

They set their mouth against the heavens, and their tongue walketh through the earth. They set their mouth against the heavens, and their tongue walketh through the earth. They speak as if they rule in heaven, and lay claim to the earth.

Psalm 73:9 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:9 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἔθεντο εἰς οὐρανὸν τὸ στόμα αὐτῶν καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτῶν διῆλθεν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἔθεντο εἰς οὐρανὸν τὸ στόμα αὐτῶν, καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτῶν διῆλθεν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς

Psalm 72:9 (NETS)

Psalm 72:9 (English Elpenor)

They set their mouths against heaven, and their tongues ranged over the earth. They have set their mouth against heaven, and their tongue has gone through upon the earth.

Psalm 73:10 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:10 (KJV)

Psalm 73:10 (NET)

Therefore his people return hither: and waters of a full cup are wrung out to them. Therefore his people return hither: and waters of a full cup are wrung out to them. Therefore they have more than enough food to eat and even suck up the water of the sea.

Psalm 73:10 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:10 (Septuagint Elpenor)

διὰ τοῦτο ἐπιστρέψει ὁ λαός μου ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἡμέραι πλήρεις εὑρεθήσονται αὐτοῗς διὰ τοῦτο ἐπιστρέψει ὁ λαός μου ἐνταῦθα, καὶ ἡμέραι πλήρεις εὑρεθήσονται ἐν αὐτοῖς

Psalm 72:10 (NETS)

Psalm 72:10 (English Elpenor)

Therefore my people will return here, and full days will be found for them. Therefore shall my people return hither: and full days shall be found with them.

Psalm 73:11 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:11 (KJV)

Psalm 73:11 (NET)

And they say, How doth God know? and is there knowledge in the most High? And they say, How doth God know? and is there knowledge in the most High? They say, “How does God know what we do?  Is the Most High aware of what goes on?”

Psalm 73:11 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:11 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ εἶπαν πῶς ἔγνω ὁ θεός καὶ εἰ ἔστιν γνῶσις ἐν τῷ ὑψίστῳ καὶ εἶπαν· πῶς ἔγνω ὁ Θεός; καὶ εἰ ἔστι γνῶσις ἐν τῷ ῾Υψίστῳ

Psalm 72:11 (NETS)

Psalm 72:11 (English Elpenor)

And they said, “How did God know?” and “Is there knowedge in the Most High?” And they said, How does God know? and is there knowledge in the Most High?

Psalm 73:12 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:12 (KJV)

Psalm 73:12 (NET)

Behold, these are the ungodly, who prosper in the world; they increase in riches. Behold, these are the ungodly, who prosper in the world; they increase in riches. Take a good look.  This is what the wicked are like, those who always have it so easy and get richer and richer.

Psalm 73:12 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:12 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἰδοὺ οὗτοι ἁμαρτωλοὶ καὶ εὐθηνοῦνται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα κατέσχον πλούτου ἰδοὺ οὗτοι οἱ ἁμαρτωλοὶ καὶ εὐθηνοῦντες· εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα κατέσχον πλούτου

Psalm 72:12 (NETS)

Psalm 72:12 (English Elpenor)

Look, these are sinners and are flourishing; always did they possess wealth. Behold, these [are] the sinners, and they that prosper always: they have possessed wealth.

Psalm 73:13 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:13 (KJV)

Psalm 73:13 (NET)

Verily I have cleansed my heart in vain, and washed my hands in innocency. Verily I have cleansed my heart in vain, and washed my hands in innocency. I concluded, “Surely in vain I have kept my motives pure and maintained a pure lifestyle.

Psalm 73:13 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:13 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ εἶπα ἄρα ματαίως ἐδικαίωσα τὴν καρδίαν μου καὶ ἐνιψάμην ἐν ἀθῴοις τὰς χεῗράς μου καὶ εἶπα· ἄρα ματαίως ἐδικαίωσα τὴν καρδίαν μου καὶ ἐνιψάμην ἐν ἀθῴοις τὰς χεῖράς μου

Psalm 72:13 (NETS)

Psalm 72:13 (English Elpenor)

And I said, “So, in vain did I keep my heart just and washed my hands in innocence. And I said, Verily in vain have I justified my heart, and washed my hands in innocency.

Psalm 73:14 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:14 (KJV)

Psalm 73:14 (NET)

For all the day long have I been plagued, and chastened every morning. For all the day long have I been plagued, and chastened every morning. I suffer all day long and am punished every morning.”

Psalm 73:14 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:14 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ ἐγενόμην μεμαστιγωμένος ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν καὶ ὁ ἔλεγχός μου εἰς τὰς πρωίας καὶ ἐγενόμην μεμαστιγωμένος ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν, καὶ ὁ ἔλεγχός μου εἰς τὰς πρωΐας

Psalm 72:14 (NETS)

Psalm 72:14 (English Elpenor)

And I became scourged all day long, and my rebuke lasted till morning.” For I was plagued all the day, and my reproof [was] every morning.

Psalm 39:11 (Tanakh)

Psalm 39:11 (KJV)

Psalm 39:11 (NET)

When thou with rebukes dost correct man for iniquity, thou makest his beauty to consume away like a moth: surely every man is vanity.  Selah. When thou with rebukes dost correct man for iniquity, thou makest his beauty to consume away like a moth: surely every man is vanity.  Selah. You severely discipline people for their sins; like a moth you slowly devour their strength.  Surely all people are a mere vapor.  (Selah)

Psalm 39:11 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 38:12 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἐν ἐλεγμοῗς ὑπὲρ ἀνομίας ἐπαίδευσας ἄνθρωπον καὶ ἐξέτηξας ὡς ἀράχνην τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ πλὴν μάτην ταράσσεται πᾶς ἄνθρωπος διάψαλμα ἐν ἐλεγμοῖς ὑπὲρ ἀνομίας ἐπαίδευσας ἄνθρωπον καὶ ἐξέτηξας ὡς ἀράχνην τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ· πλὴν μάτην ταράσσεται πᾶς ἄνθρωπος. (διάψαλμα).

Psalm 38:12 (NETS)

Psalm 38:12 (English Elpenor)

“With reproofs for lawlessnes you disciplined a person and melted his soul like a spider’s web; surely, every person is in turmoil for nothing.

Interlude on strings

Thou chastenest man with rebukes for iniquity, and thou makest his life to consume away like a spider’s web; nay, every man is disquieted in vain.  Pause.

Proverbs 1:23 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 1:23 (KJV)

Proverbs 1:23 (NET)

Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you. Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you. You should respond to my rebuke.  Then I would pour out my thoughts to you; I would make my words known to you.

Proverbs 1:23 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 1:23 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ ὑπεύθυνοι ἐγένοντο ἐλέγχοις ἰδοὺ προήσομαι ὑμῗν ἐμῆς πνοῆς ῥῆσιν διδάξω δὲ ὑμᾶς τὸν ἐμὸν λόγον καὶ ὑπεύθυνοι ἐγένοντο ἐλέγχοις, ἰδοὺ προήσομαι ὑμῖν ἐμῆς πνοῆς ρῆσιν, διδάξω δὲ ὑμᾶς τὸν ἐμὸν λόγον

Proverbs 1:23 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:22b, 23 (English Elpenor)

and they became liable to repoofs.  Look, I will bring forth the expression of my breath, and I will teach you my word. and are become subject to reproofs. (23) Behold, I will bring forth to you the utterance of my breath, and I will instruct you in my speech.

Proverbs 1:24 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 1:24 (KJV)

Proverbs 1:24 (NET)

Because I have called, and ye refused; I have stretched out my hand, and no man regarded; Because I have called, and ye refused; I have stretched out my hand, and no man regarded; However, because I called but you refused to listen, because I stretched out my hand but no one was paying attention,

Proverbs 1:24 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 1:24 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἐπειδὴ ἐκάλουν καὶ οὐχ ὑπηκούσατε καὶ ἐξέτεινον λόγους καὶ οὐ προσείχετε ἐπειδὴ ἐκάλουν καὶ οὐχ ὑπηκούσατε καὶ ἐξέτεινα λόγους καὶ οὐ προσείχετε

Proverbs 1:24 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:24 (English Elpenor)

Since I called but you did not heed and I would prolong words but you were not paying attention, Since I called, and ye did not hearken; and I spoke at length, and ye gave no heed;

Proverbs 1:25 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 1:25 (KJV)

Proverbs 1:25 (NET)

But ye have set at nought all my counsel, and would none of my reproof: But ye have set at nought all my counsel, and would none of my reproof: and you neglected all my advice, and did not comply with my rebuke,

Proverbs 1:25 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 1:25 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἀλλὰ ἀκύρους ἐποιεῗτε ἐμὰς βουλάς τοῗς δὲ ἐμοῗς ἐλέγχοις ἠπειθήσατε ἀλλὰ ἀκύρους ἐποιεῖτε ἐμᾶς βουλάς, τοῖς δὲ ἐμοῖς ἐλέγχοις οὐ προσείχετε

Proverbs 1:25 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:25 (English Elpenor)

but you would make my counsels invalid, and you disregarded my reproofs; but ye set at nought my counsels, and disregarded my reproofs;
Proverbs 1:26 (Tanakh) Proverbs 1:26 (KJV) Proverbs 1:26 (NET)
I also will laugh at your calamity; I will mock when your fear cometh; I also will laugh at your calamity; I will mock when your fear cometh; so I myself will laugh when disaster strikes you; I will mock when what you dread comes,

Proverbs 1:26 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 1:26 (Septuagint Elpenor)

τοιγαροῦν κἀγὼ τῇ ὑμετέρᾳ ἀπωλείᾳ ἐπιγελάσομαι καταχαροῦμαι δέ ἡνίκα ἂν ἔρχηται ὑμῗν ὄλεθρος τοιγαροῦν κἀγὼ τῇ ὑμετέρᾳ ἀπωλείᾳ ἐπιγελάσομαι, καταχαροῦμαι δὲ ἡνίκα ἔρχηται ὑμῖν ὄλεθρος

Proverbs 1:26 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:26 (English Elpenor)

therefore I in turn will also laugh at your destruction, and I will rejoice when ruin comes upon you. therefore I also will laugh at your destruction; and I will rejoice against [you] when ruin comes upon you:

Proverbs 1:28 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 1:28 (KJV)

Proverbs 1:28 (NET)

Then shall they call upon me, but I will not answer; they shall seek me early, but they shall not find me: Then shall they call upon me, but I will not answer; they shall seek me early, but they shall not find me: Then they will call to me, but I will not answer; they will diligently seek me, but they will not find me.

Proverbs 1:28 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 1:28 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἔσται γὰρ ὅταν ἐπικαλέσησθέ με ἐγὼ δὲ οὐκ εἰσακούσομαι ὑμῶν ζητήσουσίν με κακοὶ καὶ οὐχ εὑρήσουσιν ἔσται γὰρ ὅταν ἐπικαλέσησθέ με, ἐγὼ δὲ οὐκ εἰσακούσομαι ὑμῶν· ζητήσουσί με κακοί, καὶ οὐχ εὑρήσουσιν

Proverbs 1:28 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:28 (English Elpenor)

for it shall be when you call upon me, then I will not listen to you; evil people will seek me but will not find me, For it shall be that when ye call upon me, I will not hearken to you: wicked men shall seek me, but shall not find [me].

Proverbs 1:29 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 1:29 (KJV)

Proverbs 1:29 (NET)

For that they hated knowledge, and did not choose the fear of the LORD: For that they hated knowledge, and did not choose the fear of the LORD: Because they hated moral knowledge and did not choose to fear the Lord,

Proverbs 1:29 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 1:29 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἐμίσησαν γὰρ σοφίαν τὸν δὲ φόβον τοῦ κυρίου οὐ προείλαντο ἐμίσησαν γὰρ σοφίαν, τὸν δὲ λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου οὐ προείλαντο,

Proverbs 1:29 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:29 (English Elpenor)

for they hated wisdom and did not choose the fear of the Lord, For they hated wisdom, and did not choose the word of the Lord:

Proverbs 1:30 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 1:30 (KJV)

Proverbs 1:30 (NET)

They would none of my counsel: they despised all my reproof. They would none of my counsel: they despised all my reproof. they did not comply with my advice; they spurned all my rebuke.

Proverbs 1:30 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 1:30 (Septuagint Elpenor)

οὐδὲ ἤθελον ἐμαῗς προσέχειν βουλαῗς ἐμυκτήριζον δὲ ἐμοὺς ἐλέγχους οὐδὲ ἤθελον ἐμαῖς προσέχειν βουλαῖς, ἐμυκτήριζον δὲ ἐμοὺς ἐλέγχους

Proverbs 1:30 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:30 (English Elpenor)

nor were they willing to pay attention to my counsels but despised my reproofs. neither would they attend to my counsels, but derided my reproofs.

Proverbs 1:31 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 1:31 (KJV)

Proverbs 1:31 (NET)

Therefore shall they eat of the fruit of their own way, and be filled with their own devices. Therefore shall they eat of the fruit of their own way, and be filled with their own devices. Therefore they will eat from the fruit of their way, and they will be stuffed full of their own counsel.

Proverbs 1:31 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 1:31 (Septuagint Elpenor)

τοιγαροῦν ἔδονται τῆς ἑαυτῶν ὁδοῦ τοὺς καρποὺς καὶ τῆς ἑαυτῶν ἀσεβείας πλησθήσονται τοιγαροῦν ἔδονται τῆς ἑαυτῶν ὁδοῦ τοὺς καρποὺς καὶ τῆς ἑαυτῶν ἀσεβείας πλησθήσονται

Proverbs 1:31 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:31 (English Elpenor)

Therefore they shall eat of the fruits of their own way and be filled with their own impiety, Therefore shall they eat the fruits of their own way, and shall be filled with their own ungodliness.

Proverbs 1:32 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 1:32 (KJV)

Proverbs 1:32 (NET)

For the turning away of the simple shall slay them, and the prosperity of fools shall destroy them. For the turning away of the simple shall slay them, and the prosperity of fools shall destroy them. For the waywardness of the simpletons will kill them, and the careless ease of fools will destroy them.

Proverbs 1:32 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 1:32 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἀνθ᾽ ὧν γὰρ ἠδίκουν νηπίους φονευθήσονται καὶ ἐξετασμὸς ἀσεβεῗς ὀλεῗ ἀνθ᾿ ὧν γὰρ ἠδίκουν νηπίους, φονευθήσονται, καὶ ἐξετασμὸς ἀσεβεῖς ὀλεῖ

Proverbs 1:32 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:32 (English Elpenor)

for, because they would wrong the simple, they will be murdered and an inquiry will ruin the impious. For because they wronged the simple, they shall be slain; and an inquisition shall ruin the ungodly.

Psalm 73:2 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:2 (KJV)

Psalm 73:2 (NET)

But as for me, my feet were almost gone; my steps had well nigh slipped. But as for me, my feet were almost gone; my steps had well nigh slipped. But as for me, my feet almost slipped; my feet almost slid out from under me.

Psalm 73:2 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἐμοῦ δὲ παρὰ μικρὸν ἐσαλεύθησαν οἱ πόδες παρ᾽ ὀλίγον ἐξεχύθη τὰ διαβήματά μου ἐμοῦ δὲ παραμικρὸν ἐσαλεύθησαν οἱ πόδες, παρ᾿ ὀλίγον ἐξεχύθη τὰ διαβήματά μου

Psalm 72:2 (NETS)

Psalm 72:2 (English Elpenor)

But as for me, my feet were almost shaken; my steps nearly slipped, But my feet were almost overthrown; my goings very nearly slipped.

Proverbs 1:33 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 1:33 (KJV)

Proverbs 1:33 (NET)

But whoso hearkeneth unto me shall dwell safely, and shall be quiet from fear of evil. But whoso hearkeneth unto me shall dwell safely, and shall be quiet from fear of evil. But the one who listens to me will live in security and will be at ease from the dread of harm.”

Proverbs 1:33 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 1:33 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ὁ δὲ ἐμοῦ ἀκούων κατασκηνώσει ἐπ᾽ ἐλπίδι καὶ ἡσυχάσει ἀφόβως ἀπὸ παντὸς κακοῦ ὁ δὲ ἐμοῦ ἀκούων κατασκηνώσει ἐπ᾿ ἐλπίδι καὶ ἡσυχάσει ἀφόβως ἀπὸ παντὸς κακοῦ

Proverbs 1:33 (NETS)

Proverbs 1:33 (English Elpenor)

But he who hears me will encamp in hope and will be at ease without fear of any evil.” But he that hearkens to me shall dwell in confidence, and shall rest securely from all evil.

Proverbs 3:11 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 3:11 (KJV)

Proverbs 3:11 (NET)

My son, despise not the chastening of the LORD; neither be weary of his correction: My son, despise not the chastening of the LORD; neither be weary of his correction: My child, do not despise discipline from the Lord, and do not loathe his rebuke.

Proverbs 3:11 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 3:11 (Septuagint Elpenor)

υἱέ μὴ ὀλιγώρει παιδείας κυρίου μηδὲ ἐκλύου ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἐλεγχόμενος Υἱέ, μὴ ὀλιγώρει παιδείας Κυρίου, μηδὲ ἐκλύου ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἐλεγχόμενος

Proverbs 3:11 (NETS)

Proverbs 3:11 (English Elpenor)

My son, do not belittle the Lord’s discipline nor break down when you are reproved by him; [My] son, despise not the chastening of the Lord; nor faint when thou art rebuked of him:

Proverbs 6:23 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 6:23 (KJV)

Proverbs 6:23 (NET)

For the commandment is a lamp; and the law is light; and reproofs of instruction are the way of life: For the commandment is a lamp; and the law is light; and reproofs of instruction are the way of life: For the commandments are like a lamp; instruction is like a light, and rebukes of discipline are like the road leading to life

Proverbs 6:23 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 6:23 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ὅτι λύχνος ἐντολὴ νόμου καὶ φῶς καὶ ὁδὸς ζωῆς ἔλεγχος καὶ παιδεία ὅτι λύχνος ἐντολὴ νόμου καὶ φῶς, ὁδὸς ζωῆς καὶ ἔλεγχος καὶ παιδεία

Proverbs 6:23 (NETS)

Proverbs 6:23 (English Elpenor)

for the law’s commandment is a lamp and a light and a way of life, reproof and discipline, For the commandment of the law is a lamp and a light; a way of life; reproof also and correction:

Proverbs 10:17 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 10:17 (KJV)

Proverbs 10:17 (NET)

He is in the way of life that keepeth instruction: but he that refuseth reproof erreth. He is in the way of life that keepeth instruction: but he that refuseth reproof erreth. The one who heeds instruction is on the way to life, but the one who rejects rebuke goes astray.

Proverbs 10:17 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 10:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ὁδοὺς δικαίας ζωῆς φυλάσσει παιδεία παιδεία δὲ ἀνεξέλεγκτος πλανᾶται ὁδοὺς δικαίας ζωῆς φυλάσσει παιδεία, παιδεία δὲ ἀνεξέλεγκτος πλανᾶται

Proverbs 10:17 (NETS)

Proverbs 10:17 (English Elpenor)

Discipline guards the ways of a righteous life, but unchastened instruction leads astray. Instruction keeps the right ways of life; but instruction unchastened goes astray.

Proverbs 12:1 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 12:1 (KJV)

Proverbs 12:1 (NET)

Whoso loveth instruction loveth knowledge: but he that hateth reproof is brutish. Whoso loveth instruction loveth knowledge: but he that hateth reproof is brutish. The one who loves discipline loves knowledge, but the one who hates reproof is stupid.

Proverbs 12:1 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 12:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ὁ ἀγαπῶν παιδείαν ἀγαπᾷ αἴσθησιν ὁ δὲ μισῶν ἐλέγχους ἄφρων Ο ἀγαπῶν παιδείαν, ἀγαπᾷ αἴσθησιν, ὁ δὲ μισῶν ἐλέγχους ἄφρων

Proverbs 12:1 (NETS)

Proverbs 12:1 (English Elpenor)

He who loves discipline loves perception, but he who hates repoofs is a fool. He that loves instruction loves sense, but he that hates reproofs is a fool.

Proverbs 13:18 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 13:18 (KJV)

Proverbs 13:18 (NET)

Poverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth instruction: but he that regardeth reproof shall be honoured. Poverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth instruction: but he that regardeth reproof shall be honoured. The one who neglects discipline ends up in poverty and shame, but the one who accepts reproof is honored.

Proverbs 13:18 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 13:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)

πενίαν καὶ ἀτιμίαν ἀφαιρεῗται παιδεία ὁ δὲ φυλάσσων ἐλέγχους δοξασθήσεται πενίαν καὶ ἀτιμίαν ἀφαιρεῖται παιδεία, ὁ δὲ φυλάσσων ἐλέγχους δοξασθήσεται

Proverbs 13:18 (NETS)

Proverbs 13:18 (English Elpenor)

Discipline removes poverty and disgrace, and he who rebukes will be honored. Instruction removes poverty and disgrace: but he that attends to reproofs shall be honoured.

Proverbs 15:5 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 15:5 (KJV)

Proverbs 15:5 (NET)

A fool despiseth his father’s instruction: but he that regardeth reproof is prudent. A fool despiseth his father’s instruction: but he that regardeth reproof is prudent. A fool rejects his father’s discipline, but whoever heeds reproof shows good sense.

Proverbs 15:5 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 15:5 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἄφρων μυκτηρίζει παιδείαν πατρός ὁ δὲ φυλάσσων ἐντολὰς πανουργότερος ἄφρων μυκτηρίζει παιδείαν πατρός, ὁ δὲ φυλάσσων ἐντολὰς πανουργότερος

Proverbs 15:5 (NETS)

Proverbs 15:5 (English Elpenor)

A fool scorns his father’s discipline, but he who keeps commandments is smarter. A fool scorns his father’s instruction; but he that keeps his commandments is more prudent.

Proverbs 15:31 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 15:31 (KJV)

Proverbs 15:31 (NET)

The ear that heareth the reproof of life abideth among the wise. The ear that heareth the reproof of life abideth among the wise. The person who hears the reproof that leads to life is at home among the wise.

Proverbs 15:31 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 15:31 (Septuagint Elpenor)

n/a

n/a

Proverbs 15:31 (NETS)

Proverbs 15:31 (English Elpenor)

n/a

n/a

Proverbs 15:32 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 15:32 (KJV)

Proverbs 15:32 (NET)

He that refuseth instruction despiseth his own soul: but he that heareth reproof getteth understanding. He that refuseth instruction despiseth his own soul: but he that heareth reproof getteth understanding. The one who refuses correction despises himself, but whoever listens to reproof acquires understanding.

Proverbs 15:32 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 15:32 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ὃς ἀπωθεῗται παιδείαν μισεῗ ἑαυτόν ὁ δὲ τηρῶν ἐλέγχους ἀγαπᾷ ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ὃς ἀπωθεῖται παιδείαν, μισεῖ ἑαυτόν, ὁ δὲ τηρῶν ἐλέγχους ἀγαπᾷ ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ

Proverbs 15:32 (NETS)

Proverbs 15:32 (English Elpenor)

He who rejects discipline hates himself, but who heeds rebukes loves his soul. He that rejects instruction hates himself; but he that minds reproofs loves his soul.

Proverbs 15:10 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 15:10 (KJV)

Proverbs 15:10 (NET)

Correction is grievous unto him that forsaketh the way: and he that hateth reproof shall die. Correction is grievous unto him that forsaketh the way: and he that hateth reproof shall die. Severe discipline is for the one who abandons the way; the one who hates reproof will die.

Proverbs 15:10 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 15:10 (Septuagint Elpenor)

παιδεία ἀκάκου γνωρίζεται ὑπὸ τῶν παριόντων οἱ δὲ μισοῦντες ἐλέγχους τελευτῶσιν αἰσχρῶς παιδεία ἀκάκου γνωρίζεται ὑπὸ τῶν παριόντων, οἱ δὲ μισοῦντες ἐλέγχους τελευτῶσιν αἰσχρῶς

Proverbs 15:10 (NETS)

Proverbs 15:10 (English Elpenor)

The discipline of the innocent is known by passersby, but those who hate rebukes die disgracefully. The instruction of the simple is known by them that pass by; but they that hate reproofs die disgracefully.

Proverbs 29:1 (Tanakh)

Proverbs 29:1 (KJV)

Proverbs 29:1 (NET)

He, that being often reproved hardeneth his neck, shall suddenly be destroyed, and that without remedy. He, that being often reproved hardeneth his neck, shall suddenly be destroyed, and that without remedy. The one who stiffens his neck after numerous rebukes will suddenly be destroyed without remedy.

Proverbs 29:1 (Septuagint BLB)

Proverbs 29:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)

κρείσσων ἀνὴρ ἐλέγχων ἀνδρὸς σκληροτραχήλου ἐξαπίνης γὰρ φλεγομένου αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἔστιν ἴασις ΚΡΕΙΣΣΩΝ ἀνὴρ ἐλέγχων ἀνδρὸς σκληροτραχήλου, ἐξαπίνης γὰρ φλεγομένου αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἔστιν ἴασις.

Proverbs 29:1 (NETS)

Proverbs 29:1 (English Elpenor)

A man who reproves is better than a stubborn man, for, when he is suddenly set on fire, there is no healing. A reprover is better than a stiff-necked man: for when the latter is suddenly set on fire, there shall be no remedy.

Psalm 73:15 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:15 (KJV)

Psalm 73:15 (NET)

If I say, I will speak thus; behold, I should offend against the generation of thy children. If I say, I will speak thus; behold, I should offend against the generation of thy children. If I had publicized these thoughts, I would have betrayed your people.

Psalm 73:15 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:15 (Septuagint Elpenor)

εἰ ἔλεγον διηγήσομαι οὕτως ἰδοὺ τῇ γενεᾷ τῶν υἱῶν σου ἠσυνθέτηκα εἰ ἔλεγον· διηγήσομαι οὕτως, ἰδοὺ τῇ γενεᾷ τῶν υἱῶν σου ἠσυνθέτηκα

Psalm 72:15 (NETS)

Psalm 72:15 (English Elpenor)

If I said, “I will walk in this way,” look, I would have been faithless to the family of your sons. If I said, I will speak thus; behold, I [should] have broken covenant with the generation of thy children.

Psalm 73:16 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:16 (KJV)

Psalm 73:16 (NET)

When I thought to know this, it was too painful for me; When I thought to know this, it was too painful for me; When I tried to make sense of this, it was troubling to me.

Psalm 73:16 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:16 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ ὑπέλαβον τοῦ γνῶναι τοῦτο κόπος ἐστὶν ἐναντίον μου καὶ ὑπέλαβον τοῦ γνῶναι τοῦτο· κόπος ἐστὶν ἐνώπιόν μου

Psalm 72:16 (NETS)

Psalm 72:16 (English Elpenor)

And I thought how to understand this; a wearisome task was before me And I undertook to understand this, [but] it is too hard for me,

Psalm 73:17 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:17 (KJV)

Psalm 73:17 (NET)

Until I went into the sanctuary of God; then understood I their end. Until I went into the sanctuary of God; then understood I their end. Then I entered the precincts of God’s temple and understood the destiny of the wicked.

Psalm 73:17 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἕως εἰσέλθω εἰς τὸ ἁγιαστήριον τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ συνῶ εἰς τὰ ἔσχατα αὐτῶν ἕως εἰσέλθω εἰς τὸ ἁγιαστήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ συνῶ εἰς τὰ ἔσχατα αὐτῶν

Psalm 72:17 (NETS)

Psalm 72:17 (English Elpenor)

until I went into the sanctuary of God, and perceived their end. until I go into the sanctuary of God; [and so] understand the latter end.

Psalm 73:18 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:18 (KJV)

Psalm 73:18 (NET)

Surely thou didst set them in slippery places: thou castedst them down into destruction. Surely thou didst set them in slippery places: thou castedst them down into destruction. Surely you put them in slippery places; you bring them down to ruin.

Psalm 73:18 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)

πλὴν διὰ τὰς δολιότητας ἔθου αὐτοῗς κατέβαλες αὐτοὺς ἐν τῷ ἐπαρθῆναι πλὴν διὰ τὰς δολιότητας αὐτῶν ἔθου αὐτοῖς κακά, κατέβαλες αὐτοὺς ἐν τῷ ἐπαρθῆναι

Psalm 72:18 (NETS)

Psalm 72:18 (English Elpenor)

But on account of deceits, you set for them; you brought them down, when they were raised up. Surely thou hast appointed [judgments] to them because of their crafty dealings: thou hast cast them down when they were lifted up.

Psalm 73:19 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:19 (KJV)

Psalm 73:19 (NET)

How are they brought into desolation, as in a moment! they are utterly consumed with terrors. How are they brought into desolation, as in a moment! they are utterly consumed with terrors. How desolate they become in a mere moment.  Terrifying judgments make their demise complete.

Psalm 73:19 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:19 (Septuagint Elpenor)

πῶς ἐγένοντο εἰς ἐρήμωσιν ἐξάπινα ἐξέλιπον ἀπώλοντο διὰ τὴν ἀνομίαν αὐτῶν πῶς ἐγένοντο εἰς ἐρήμωσιν ἐξάπινα· ἐξέλιπον, ἀπώλοντο διὰ τὴν ἀνομίαν αὐτῶν

Psalm 72:19 (NETS)

Psalm 72:19 (English Elpenor)

How they became desolate in a moment!  They failed; they perished on account of their lawlessness. How have they become desolate! suddenly they have failed: they have perished because of their iniquity.

Psalm 73:20 (Tanakh)

Psalm 73:20 (KJV)

Psalm 73:20 (NET)

As a dream when one awaketh; so, O Lord, when thou awakest, thou shalt despise their image. As a dream when one awaketh; so, O Lord, when thou awakest, thou shalt despise their image. They are like a dream after one wakes up.  O Lord, when you awake you will despise them.

Psalm 73:20 (Septuagint BLB)

Psalm 72:20 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ὡσεὶ ἐνύπνιον ἐξεγειρομένου κύριε ἐν τῇ πόλει σου τὴν εἰκόνα αὐτῶν ἐξουδενώσεις ὡσεὶ ἐνύπνιον ἐξεγειρομένου, Κύριε, ἐν τῇ πόλει σου τὴν εἰκόνα αὐτῶν ἐξουδενώσεις

Psalm 72:20 (NETS)

Psalm 72:20 (English Elpenor)

Like a dream when one awakes, O Lord, in your city you will depise their phantom. As the dream of one awakening, O Lord, in thy city thou wilt despise their image.

Philippians 4:12, 13 (NET)

Philippians 4:12, 13 (KJV)

I have experienced times of need and times of abundance.  In any and every circumstance I have learned the secret of contentment, whether I go satisfied or hungry, have plenty or nothing. I know both how to be abased, and I know how to abound: every where and in all things I am instructed both to be full and to be hungry, both to abound and to suffer need.

NET Parallel Greek

Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

οἶδα καὶ ταπεινοῦσθαι, οἶδα καὶ περισσεύειν· ἐν παντὶ καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν μεμύημαι, καὶ χορτάζεσθαι καὶ πεινᾶν καὶ περισσεύειν καὶ ὑστερεῖσθαι οιδα δε ταπεινουσθαι οιδα και περισσευειν εν παντι και εν πασιν μεμυημαι και χορταζεσθαι και πειναν και περισσευειν και υστερεισθαι οιδα και ταπεινουσθαι οιδα και περισσευειν εν παντι και εν πασιν μεμυημαι και χορταζεσθαι και πειναν και περισσευειν και υστερεισθαι
I am able to do all things through the one who strengthens me. I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me.

NET Parallel Greek

Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

πάντα ἰσχύω ἐν τῷ ἐνδυναμοῦντι με παντα ισχυω εν τω ενδυναμουντι με χριστω παντα ισχυω εν τω ενδυναμουντι με χριστω

1 2 Samuel 12:11 (NET) Table

2 2 Samuel 21:1 (NET)

4 Joshua 9:19 (NET)

6 2 Samuel 21:3 (NET)

7 Exodus 20:5 (NET) Table

8 Galatians 4:21 (NKJV)

12 Psalm 73:3 (NET)

13 Psalm 73:4-12 (NET)

15 The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had χριστω (KJV: Christ) here.  The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 did not.

16 Philippians 4:11b-13 (NET)

17 Psalm 73:13, 14 (NET)

18 Psalm 39:11 (NKJV)

19 Proverbs 1:23 (NET)

20 Proverbs 1:24-26a (NET)

21 Proverbs 1:28-32 (NET)

22 Psalm 73:2 (NET)

23 Proverbs 1:33 (NET)

24 Proverbs 3:11 (NET)

25 Proverbs 6:23 (NET)

26 Proverbs 10:17 (NET)

27 Proverbs 12:1 (NET)

28 Proverbs 13:18 (NET)

29 Proverbs 15:5 (NET)

30 Proverbs 15:31 (NET)

31 Proverbs 15:32 (NET)

32 Proverbs 15:10 (NET)

33 Proverbs 29:1 (NET)

35 1 Corinthians 1:24b (NET)

36 Proverbs 1:26 (NET)

37 Proverbs 1:26 (NETS)

38 John 17:3b (NET)

39 Proverbs 1:29 (NETS)

40 Proverbs 1:31 (NET)

David’s Forgiveness, Part 10

David’s friend Hushai arrived in the city, just as Absalom was entering Jerusalem.1  Absalom was suspicious of Hushai at first, Do you call this loyalty [See Addendum below] to your friend?  Why didn’t you go with your friend?2  Hushai lied or told such a cleverly concealed truth that Absalom failed to unravel the riddle.  No, I will be loyal to the one whom the Lord, these people, and all the men of Israel have chosen. Moreover, whom should I serve?  Should it not be his son?  Just as I served your father, so I will serve you.3  And so Hushai was established as both a spy and false counselor.

Absalom turned to Ahithophel for advice, What should we do?4 In those days Ahithophel’s advice was considered as valuable as a prophetic revelation.  Both David and Absalom highly regarded the advice of Ahithophel.5  But when he learned that his trusted adviser had defected to Absalom, David had prayed, Make the advice of Ahithophel foolish (sâkal, סַכֶּל), O Lord!6  Samuel defined the word foolish for Saul: Then Samuel said to Saul, “You have made a foolish (sâkal, נִסְכָּ֑לְתָּ) choice! You have not obeyed the commandment that the Lord your God gave you. Had you done that, the Lord would have established your kingdom over Israel forever!”7

Ahithophel replied to Absalom, “Have sex with your father’s concubines whom he left to care for the palace.  All Israel will hear that you have made yourself repulsive to your father.  Then your followers will be motivated to support you.”8  I turned to the Jewish Virtual Library online to see if I could gain some insight how David might have felt about these women.  I still don’t know if they were mistresses or chambermaids he bed a time or two.  But I did find out something about Ahithophel’s advice.

“To lie with a monarch’s concubine was tantamount to usurpation of the throne (II Sam. 3:7; 16:21–22). For this reason Abner took Rizpah (II Sam. 3:7). The same concept stands behind Ahitophel’s advice to Absalom, to ‘go into his father’s concubines’ (16:21)…”9  So Ahithophel’s advice may or may not have been advantageous on the horizontal plane.  Personally, I think it is sort of an open question how Absalom’s followers might have responded.  On the vertical plane, however, Ahithophel advised a usurper of the throne, one not anointed nor chosen by God, to do a foolish thing and disobey one of his commandments10 publicly as his first royal act.

So they pitched a tent for Absalom on the roof, and Absalom had sex with his father’s concubines in the sight of all Israel.11  The Jewish Virtual Library article I quoted disagrees that this was a violation of God’s law regarding a father’s wife (a capital offence, by the way).  “Nor does living with a man as his concubine create a kinship as an impediment to marriage between herself and any of the man’s relatives, or between the man and her relatives, as would be the case if she would be considered to be his wife (Rosh, Resp. no. 32:1; Oẓar ha-Posekim, EH26, n. 3).”12  The problem I see with this analysis is that there is no legislation concerning concubines in the Bible.  The only way to know what a concubine was and what rights or obligations she had was from foreign law.  Both the Assyrian Code and the Code of Hammurapi are referenced as sources for determining the legal status of a concubine in the above mentioned article.

God prophesied to David [See Addendum below], I will take your wives (Septuagintγυναῖκάς, a form of γυνή) and hand them over to your companion.  He will have sexual relations with your wives (Septuagint: γυναικῶν, another form of γυνή) in broad daylight!  Although you have acted in secret, I will do this thing before all Israel, and in broad daylight.13  I am using the Greek here simply because I recognize the Greek alphabet better than the Hebrew.  (In other words, I don’t know Greek a whole lot less than I don’t know Hebrew.)  Both γυναῖκάς and γυναικῶν are plural forms of γυνή.  Both instances are the same Hebrew word, too, according to the concordance.  Both words can be translated wives or women.

In Ephesians 5:28 (NET) γυναικας was translated wives, In the same way husbands ought14 to love their wives (γυναικας) as their own bodies.  In Matthew 14:21 (NET) γυναικων was translated women, Not counting women (γυναικων) and children, there were about five thousand men who ate.  I won’t make an issue of whether 2 Samuel 12:11 should have been translated wives or women, because γυναικὸς in Leviticus 18:8 (NET) [See Addendum below] was translated wife, You must not have sexual intercourse with your father’s wife (Septuagint: γυναικὸς); she is your father’s nakedness, and in Leviticus 20:11 (NET) [See Addendum below], If a man has sexual intercourse with his father’s wife (Septuagint: γυναικὸς), he has exposed his father’s nakedness.  Both of them must be put to death; their blood guilt is on themselves.

Again, γυναικὸς is a singular form of gunē (γυνή), and the Hebrew word is also the same according to the concordance.  In Matthew 19:10 (NET) [Table] γυναικος was translated wife, The15 disciples said to him, “If this is the case of a husband with a wife (γυναικος), it is better not to marry!”  In John 4:9 (NET) γυνη and γυναικος were both translated woman, So the Samaritan16 woman (γυνη) said to him, “How can you – a Jew – ask me, a Samaritan17 woman (γυναικος), for water to drink?”18

So whether 2 Samuel 12:11 should have been translated David’s wives or women is immaterial, since the same word, both in Greek and Hebrew, was used in Leviticus 18:8 and 20:11.  Since God was apparently satisfied when Absalom had sex with David’s concubines that Nathan’s prophesy about David’s wives or women was fulfilled, and since the only other way to distinguish David’s concubines from his wives or his women was by foreign law, I am going to assume that the category called concubine referred to a traditional practice that probably should not have been part of the thought of the kingdom of Israel.

That being said, however, it seems very likely that what God called Saul’s wives through Nathan the prophet were perceived by many in Israel as the concubines of David’s father-in-law:19  I gave you your master’s house, and put your master’s wives (Septuagint: γυναῖκάς) into your arms,20 when Nathan confronted David on God’s behalf.  It puts some perspective on Absalom’s willingness to fall in with Ahithophel’s advice.  He wanted his father’s concubines just like his father got his father-in-law’s concubines when David received the kingdom after Saul’s death.  It makes me wonder what Absalom heard of his father’s life.

I assume Absalom was told all the stories about David.  But what he heard seems to have been something less than the sum total of what he was told.  He did not hear for instance that David was chosen (anointed) by God when Saul was rejected for his disobedience to God.  Oh, perhaps he heard it in part.  Maybe he assumed that David was, or should have been, rejected by God when he took Bathsheba and murdered Uriah, or if not then, perhaps when he failed to avenge Tamar, as Absalom himself had done.  He certainly heard that Samuel used sacrifices to God as the cover to anoint David as king while Saul yet lived.  He imitated that scene faithfully, minus of course the sanction of God or the presence of his prophet.  He did not hear how his father David respected the Lord’s chosen or anointed one even after he was rejected by God, or he would have behaved differently toward his father.  In fact, if he had any faith whatsoever in God or his choice, Absalom would not have challenged David at all.

The irony here was, though he was born a son of David, though he did everything he could to imitate David’s career outwardly, Absalom proved to be a man after Saul’s own heart:  So Saul feared David, because the Lord was with him but had departed from Saul.21  And Absalom, like Saul before him, set himself to the task of finding a way to kill David.

 

Addendum: April 28, 2021
I won’t make too much of it since Absalom was speaking, but I was intrigued by loyalty:

Masoretic Text

Septuagint
2 Samuel 16:17 (Tanakh) 2 Samuel 16:17 (NET) 2 Reigns 16:17 (NETS)

2 Kings 16:17 (English Elpenor)

And Absalom said to Hushai: ‘Is this thy kindness (חַסְדְּךָ֖) to thy friend? why wentest thou not with thy friend?’ Absalom said to Hushai, “Do you call this loyalty (ḥeseḏ, חסדך) to your friend?  Why didn’t you go with your friend?” And Abessalom said to Chousi, “Is this your mercy (ἔλεός) with your companion?  Why did you not go away with your companion?” And Abessalom said to Chusi, [Is] this thy kindness (ἔλεός) to thy friend? why wentest thou not forth with thy friend?

That kindness and mercy are joined in חַסְדְּךָ֖ (ḥeseḏ) makes perfect sense, though I’m not sure I could have accessed it that concretely.  To hear kindness and mercy as loyalty, or faithfulness, is a minor revolution and a great relief in my thinking.  I am too often tempted that I should be tougher than that.

A comparison of 2 Samuel 12:11 translated from the Hebrew of the Masoretic text and the Greek of the Septuagint follows:

Masoretic Text

Septuagint
2 Samuel 12:11 (Tanakh) Table 2 Samuel 12:11 (NET) 2 Reigns 12:11 (NETS)

2 Kings 12:11 (English Elpenor)

Thus saith HaShem: Behold, I will raise up evil against thee out of thine own house, and I will take thy wives (נָשֶׁ֙יךָ֙) before thine eyes, and give them unto thy neighbour, and he shall lie with thy wives (נָשֶׁ֔יךָ) in the sight of this sun. This is what the Lord has said: ‘I am about to bring disaster on you from inside your own household!  Right before your eyes I will take your wives (‘iššâ, נשיך) and hand them over to your companion.  He will go to bed with your wives (‘iššâ, נשיך) in broad daylight! This is what the Lord says: Behold, I am raising up trouble against you out of your own house, and I will take your wives (γυναῗκάς) before your eyes and give them to your neighbor, and he shall lie with your wives (γυναικῶν) before this sun. Thus says the Lord, Behold, I will raise up against thee evil out of thy house, and I will take thy wives (γυναῖκάς) before thine eyes, and will give them to thy neighbour, and he shall lie with thy wives (γυναικῶν) in the sight of this sun.

A comparison of Leviticus 18:8 translated from the Hebrew of the Masoretic text and the Greek of the Septuagint follows:

Masoretic Text

Septuagint
Leviticus 18:8 (Tanakh) Leviticus 18:8 (NET) Leviticus 18:8 (NETS)

Leviticus 18:8 (English Elpenor)

The nakedness of thy father’s wife (אֵֽשֶׁת) shalt thou not uncover: it is thy father’s nakedness. You must not have sexual relations with your father’s wife (‘iššâ, אשת); she is your father’s nakedness. You shall not uncover the shame of your father’s wife (γυναικὸς); it is the shame of your father. Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy father’s wife (γυναικὸς); it is thy father’s nakedness.

A comparison of Leviticus 20:11 translated from the Hebrew of the Masoretic text and the Greek of the Septuagint follows:

Masoretic Text

Septuagint
Leviticus 20:11 (Tanakh) Table Leviticus 20:11 (NET) Leviticus 20:11 (NETS)

Leviticus 20:11 (English Elpenor)

And the man that lieth with his father’s wife (אֵ֣שֶׁת)–he hath uncovered his father’s nakedness–both of them shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them. If a man goes to bed with his father’s wife (‘iššâ, אשת), he has exposed his father’s nakedness.  Both of them must be put to death; their blood guilt is on themselves. And if anyone lies with his father’s wife (γυναικὸς), he has uncovered his father’s shame; let both of them by death be put to death; they are liable. And if any one should lie with his father’s wife (γυναικὸς), he has uncovered his father’s nakedness: let them both die the death, they are guilty.

Tables comparing 2 Samuel 15:37; 16:17; 16:18; 16:19; 16:20; 16:23; 1 Samuel 13:13; 2 Samuel 16:21; 16:22; Leviticus 18:8 and 1 Samuel 18:12 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and tables comparing 2 Samuel (Reigns, Kings) 15:37; 16:17; 16:18; 16:19; 16:20; 16:23; 1 Samuel (Reigns, Kings) 13:13; 2 Samuel (Reigns, Kings) 16:21; 16:22; Leviticus 18:8 and 1 Samuel (Reigns, Kings) 18:12 in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor), and tables comparing Ephesians 5:28 and John 4:9 in the NET and KJV follow.

2 Samuel 15:37 (Tanakh)

2 Samuel 15:37 (KJV)

2 Samuel 15:37 (NET)

So Hushai David’s friend came into the city; and Absalom was at the point of coming into Jerusalem. So Hushai David’s friend came into the city, and Absalom came into Jerusalem. So David’s friend Hushai arrived in the city, just as Absalom was entering Jerusalem.

2 Samuel 15:37 (Septuagint BLB)

2 Kings 15:37 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ εἰσῆλθεν Χουσι ὁ ἑταῗρος Δαυιδ εἰς τὴν πόλιν καὶ Αβεσσαλωμ εἰσεπορεύετο εἰς Ιερουσαλημ καὶ εἰσῆλθε Χουσὶ ὁ ἑταῖρος Δαυὶδ εἰς τὴν πόλιν, καὶ ᾿Αβεσσαλὼμ ἄρτι εἰσεπορεύετο εἰς ῾Ιερουσαλήμ

2 Reigns 15:37 (NETS)

2 Kings 15:37 (English Elpenor)

And Chousi, the companion of Dauid, entered into the city, and Abessalom was going into Ierousalem. So Chusi the friend of David went into the city, and Abessalom was lately gone into Jerusalem.

2 Samuel 16:17 (Tanakh)

2 Samuel 16:17 (KJV)

2 Samuel 16:17 (NET)

And Absalom said to Hushai: ‘Is this thy kindness to thy friend? why wentest thou not with thy friend?’ And Absalom said to Hushai, Is this thy kindness to thy friend? why wentest thou not with thy friend? Absalom said to Hushai, “Do you call this loyalty to your friend?  Why didn’t you go with your friend?”

2 Samuel 16:17 (Septuagint BLB)

2 Kings 16:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ εἶπεν Αβεσσαλωμ πρὸς Χουσι τοῦτο τὸ ἔλεός σου μετὰ τοῦ ἑταίρου σου ἵνα τί οὐκ ἀπῆλθες μετὰ τοῦ ἑταίρου σου καὶ εἶπεν ᾿Αβεσσαλὼμ πρὸς Χουσί· τοῦτο τὸ ἔλεός σου μετὰ τοῦ ἑταίρου σου; ἱνατί οὐκ ἀπῆλθες μετὰ τοῦ ἑταίρου σου

2 Reigns 16:17 (NETS)

2 Kings 16:17 (English Elpenor)

And Abessalom said to Chousi, “Is this your mercy with your companion?  Why did you not go away with your companion?” And Abessalom said to Chusi, [Is] this thy kindness to thy friend? why wentest thou not forth with thy friend?

2 Samuel 16:18 (Tanakh)

2 Samuel 16:18 (KJV)

2 Samuel 16:18 (NET)

And Hushai said unto Absalom: ‘Nay; but whom HaShem, and this people, and all the men of Israel have chosen, his will I be, and with him will I abide. And Hushai said unto Absalom, Nay; but whom the LORD, and this people, and all the men of Israel, choose, his will I be, and with him will I abide. Hushai replied to Absalom, “No, I will be loyal to the one whom the Lord, these people, and all the men of Israel have chosen.

2 Samuel 16:18 (Septuagint BLB)

2 Kings 16:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ εἶπεν Χουσι πρὸς Αβεσσαλωμ οὐχί ἀλλὰ κατόπισθεν οὗ ἐξελέξατο κύριος καὶ ὁ λαὸς οὗτος καὶ πᾶς ἀνὴρ Ισραηλ αὐτῷ ἔσομαι καὶ μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ καθήσομαι καὶ εἶπε Χουσὶ πρὸς ᾿Αβεσσαλώμ· οὐχί, ἀλλὰ κατόπισθεν οὗ ἐξελέξατο Κύριος καὶ ὁ λαὸς οὗτος καὶ πᾶς ἀνὴρ ᾿Ισραήλ, αὐτῷ ἔσομαι καὶ μετὰ αὐτοῦ καθήσομαι

2 Reigns 16:18 (NETS)

2 Kings 16:18 (English Elpenor)

And Chousi said to Abessalom, “No, but hereafter he whom the Lord and this people and every man of Israel have chosen, his I will be, and with him I will sit. And Chusi said to Abessalom, Nay, but following whom the Lord, and this people, and all Israel have chosen,– his will I be, and with him I will dwell.

2 Samuel 16:19 (Tanakh)

2 Samuel 16:19 (KJV)

2 Samuel 16:19 (NET)

And again, whom should I serve? should I not serve in the presence of his son? as I have served in thy father’s presence, so will I be in thy presence.’ And again, whom should I serve? should I not serve in the presence of his son? as I have served in thy father’s presence, so will I be in thy presence. Moreover, whom should I serve?  Should it not be his son?  Just as I served your father, so I will serve you.”

2 Samuel 16:19 (Septuagint BLB)

2 Kings 16:19 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ τὸ δεύτερον τίνι ἐγὼ δουλεύσω οὐχὶ ἐνώπιον τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ καθάπερ ἐδούλευσα ἐνώπιον τοῦ πατρός σου οὕτως ἔσομαι ἐνώπιόν σου καὶ τὸ δεύτερον, τίνι ἐγὼ δουλεύσω; οὐχὶ ἐνώπιον τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ; καθάπερ ἐδούλευσα ἐνώπιον τοῦ πατρός σου, οὕτως ἔσομαι ἐνώπιόν σου

2 Reigns 16:19 (NETS)

2 Kings 16:19 (English Elpenor)

And secondly, to whom will I be subject?  Is it not in the presence of his son?  Just as I was subject in the presence of your father, so I will be in your presence.” And again, whom shall I serve? should I not in the presence of his son? As I served in the sight of thy father, so will I be in thy presence.

2 Samuel 16:20 (Tanakh)

2 Samuel 16:20 (KJV)

2 Samuel 16:20 (NET)

Then said Absalom to Ahithophel: ‘Give your counsel what we shall do.’ Then said Absalom to Ahithophel, Give counsel among you what we shall do. Then Absalom said to Ahithophel, “Give us your advice.  What should we do?”

2 Samuel 16:20 (Septuagint BLB)

2 Kings 16:20 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ εἶπεν Αβεσσαλωμ πρὸς Αχιτοφελ φέρετε ἑαυτοῗς βουλὴν τί ποιήσωμεν καὶ εἶπεν ᾿Αβεσσαλὼμ πρὸς ᾿Αχιτόφελ· φέρετε ἑαυτοῖς βουλὴν τί ποιήσωμεν

2 Reigns 16:20 (NETS)

2 Kings 16:20 (English Elpenor)

And Abessalom said to Achitophel, “Bring forth counsel among yourselves, what we should do.” And Abessalom said to Achitophel, Deliberate among yourselves concerning what we should do.

2 Samuel 16:23 (Tanakh)

2 Samuel 16:23 (KJV)

2 Samuel 16:23 (NET)

Now the counsel of Ahithophel, which he counselled in those days, was as if a man inquired of the word of G-d; so was all the counsel of Ahithophel both with David and with Absalom. And the counsel of Ahithophel, which he counselled in those days, was as if a man had enquired at the oracle of God: so was all the counsel of Ahithophel both with David and with Absalom. In those days Ahithophel’s advice was considered as valuable as a prophetic revelation.  Both David and Absalom highly regarded the advice of Ahithophel.

2 Samuel 16:23 (Septuagint BLB)

2 Kings 16:23 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ ἡ βουλὴ Αχιτοφελ ἣν ἐβουλεύσατο ἐν ταῗς ἡμέραις ταῗς πρώταις ὃν τρόπον ἐπερωτήσῃ ἐν λόγῳ τοῦ θεοῦ οὕτως πᾶσα ἡ βουλὴ τοῦ Αχιτοφελ καί γε τῷ Δαυιδ καί γε τῷ Αβεσσαλωμ καὶ ἡ βουλὴ ᾿Αχιτόφελ, ἣν ἐβουλεύσατο ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ταῖς πρώταις, ὃν τρόπον ἐπερωτήσῃ τις ἐν λόγῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ, οὕτως πᾶσα ἡ βουλὴ τοῦ ᾿Αχιτόφελ καί γε τῷ Δαυὶδ καί γε τῷ ᾿Αβεσσαλώμ

2 Reigns 16:23 (NETS)

2 Kings 16:23 (English Elpenor)

And the counsel of Achitophel, which he counseled in the former days, was as if one were to inquire by a word of God; so was all the counsel of Achitophel, and indeed to Dauid and indeed to Abessalom. And the counsel of Achitophel, which he counseled in former days, [was] as if one should enquire of the word of God: so [was] all the counsel of Achitophel both to David and also to Abessalom.

1 Samuel 13:13 (Tanakh)

1 Samuel 13:13 (KJV)

1 Samuel 13:13 (NET)

And Samuel said to Saul: ‘Thou hast done foolishly; thou hast not kept the commandment of HaShem thy G-d, which He commanded thee; for now would HaShem have established thy kingdom upon Israel for ever. And Samuel said to Saul, Thou hast done foolishly: thou hast not kept the commandment of the LORD thy God, which he commanded thee: for now would the LORD have established thy kingdom upon Israel for ever. Then Samuel said to Saul, “You have made a foolish choice!  You have not obeyed the commandment that the Lord your God gave you.  Had you done that, the Lord would have established your kingdom over Israel forever.

1 Samuel 13:13 (Septuagint BLB)

1 Kings 13:13 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ εἶπεν Σαμουηλ πρὸς Σαουλ μεματαίωταί σοι ὅτι οὐκ ἐφύλαξας τὴν ἐντολήν μου ἣν ἐνετείλατό σοι κύριος ὡς νῦν ἡτοίμασεν κύριος τὴν βασιλείαν σου ἕως αἰῶνος ἐπὶ Ισραηλ καὶ εἶπε Σαμουὴλ πρὸς Σαούλ· μεματαίωταί σοι, ὅτι οὐκ ἐφύλαξας τὴν ἐντολήν μου, ἣν ἐνετείλατό σοι Κύριος, ὡς νῦν ἡτοίμασε Κύριος τὴν βασιλείαν σου ἐπὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ ἕως αἰῶνος

1 Reigns 13:13 (NETS)

1 Kings 13:13 (English Elpenor)

And Samouel said to Saoul, “You have done foolishly, for you did did not keep my commandment, which the Lord commanded you.  As just now the Lord prepared your kingdom over Israel forever, And Samuel said to Saul, Thou hast done foolishly; for thou hast not kept my command, which the Lord commanded thee, as now the Lord would have confirmed thy kingdom over Israel for ever.

2 Samuel 16:21 (Tanakh)

2 Samuel 16:21 (KJV)

2 Samuel 16:21 (NET)

And Ahithophel said unto Absalom: ‘Go in unto thy father’s concubines, that he hath left to keep the house; and all Israel will hear that thou art abhorred of thy father; then will the hands of all that are with thee be strong.’ And Ahithophel said unto Absalom, Go in unto thy father’s concubines, which he hath left to keep the house; and all Israel shall hear that thou art abhorred of thy father: then shall the hands of all that are with thee be strong. Ahithophel replied to Absalom, “Sleep with your father’s concubines whom he left to care for the palace.  All Israel will hear that you have made yourself repulsive to your father.  Then your followers will be motivated to support you.”

2 Samuel 16:21 (Septuagint BLB)

2 Kings 16:21 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ εἶπεν Αχιτοφελ πρὸς Αβεσσαλωμ εἴσελθε πρὸς τὰς παλλακὰς τοῦ πατρός σου ἃς κατέλιπεν φυλάσσειν τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀκούσεται πᾶς Ισραηλ ὅτι κατῄσχυνας τὸν πατέρα σου καὶ ἐνισχύσουσιν αἱ χεῗρες πάντων τῶν μετὰ σοῦ καὶ εἶπεν ᾿Αχιτόφελ πρὸς ᾿Αβεσσαλώμ· εἴσελθε πρὸς τὰς παλλακὰς τοῦ πατρός σου, ἃς κατέλιπε φυλάσσειν τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀκούσεται πᾶς ᾿Ισραὴλ ὅτι κατῄσχυνας τὸν πατέρα σου, καὶ ἐνισχύσουσιν αἱ χεῖρες πάντων τῶν μετὰ σοῦ

2 Reigns 16:21 (NETS)

2 Kings 16:21 (English Elpenor)

And Achitophel said to Abessalom, “Go in to the concubines of your father, whom he left behind to keep his house, and all Israel will hear that you put your father to shame, and the hands of all who are with you will be strengthened.” And Achitophel said to Abessalom, Go in to thy father’s concubines, whom he left to keep his house; and all Israel shall hear that thou hast dishonoured thy father; and the hands of all that are with thee shall be strengthened.

2 Samuel 16:22 (Tanakh)

2 Samuel 16:22 (KJV)

2 Samuel 16:22 (NET)

So they spread Absalom a tent upon the top of the house; and Absalom went in unto his father’s concubines in the sight of all Israel.– So they spread Absalom a tent upon the top of the house; and Absalom went in unto his father’s concubines in the sight of all Israel. So they pitched a tent for Absalom on the roof, and Absalom slept with his father’s concubines in the sight of all Israel.

2 Samuel 16:22 (Septuagint BLB)

2 Kings 16:22 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ ἔπηξαν τὴν σκηνὴν τῷ Αβεσσαλωμ ἐπὶ τὸ δῶμα καὶ εἰσῆλθεν Αβεσσαλωμ πρὸς τὰς παλλακὰς τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ κατ᾽ ὀφθαλμοὺς παντὸς Ισραηλ καὶ ἔπηξαν τὴν σκηνὴν τῷ ᾿Αβεσσαλὼμ ἐπὶ τὸ δῶμα, καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ᾿Αβεσσαλὼμ πρὸς τὰς παλλακὰς τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ κατ’ ὀφθαλμοὺς παντὸς ᾿Ισραήλ

2 Reigns 16:22 (NETS)

2 Kings 16:22 (English Elpenor)

And they pitched the tent for Abessalom upon the roof, and Abessalom went in to the concubines of his father in the sight of all Israel. And they pitched a tent for Abessalom on the roof, and Abessalom went in to his father’s concubines in the sight of all Israel.

Leviticus 18:8 (Tanakh)

Leviticus 18:8 (KJV)

Leviticus 18:8 (NET)

The nakedness of thy father’s wife shalt thou not uncover: it is thy father’s nakedness. The nakedness of thy father’s wife shalt thou not uncover: it is thy father’s nakedness. You must not have sexual relations with your father’s wife; she is your father’s nakedness.

Leviticus 18:8 (Septuagint BLB)

Leviticus 18:8 (Septuagint Elpenor)

ἀσχημοσύνην γυναικὸς πατρός σου οὐκ ἀποκαλύψεις ἀσχημοσύνη πατρός σού ἐστιν ἀσχημοσύνην γυναικὸς πατρός σου οὐκ ἀποκαλύψεις, ἀσχημοσύνη πατρὸς σού ἐστιν

Leviticus 18:8 (NETS)

Leviticus 18:8 (English Elpenor)

You shall not uncover the shame of your father’s wife; it is the shame of your father. Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy father’s wife; it is thy father’s nakedness.

1 Samuel 18:12 (Tanakh)

1 Samuel 18:12 (KJV)

1 Samuel 18:12 (NET)

And Saul was afraid of David, because HaShem was with him, and was departed from Saul. And Saul was afraid of David, because the LORD was with him, and was departed from Saul. So Saul feared David, because the Lord was with David but had departed from Saul.

1 Samuel 18:12 (Septuagint BLB)

1 Kings 18:12 (Septuagint Elpenor)

καὶ ἐφοβήθη Σαουλ ἀπὸ προσώπου Δαυιδ καὶ ἐφοβήθη Σαοὺλ ἀπὸ προσώπου Δαυίδ

1 Reigns 18:12 (NETS)

1 Kings 18:12 (English Elpenor)

And Saoul was afraid from before Dauid, And Saul was alarmed on account of David.

Ephesians 5:28 (NET)

Ephesians 5:28 (KJV)

In the same way husbands ought to love their wives as their own bodies.  He who loves his wife loves himself. So ought men to love their wives as their own bodies.  He that loveth his wife loveth himself.

NET Parallel Greek

Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

οὕτως ὀφείλουσιν [καὶ] οἱ ἄνδρες ἀγαπᾶν τὰς ἑαυτῶν γυναῖκας ὡς τὰ ἑαυτῶν σώματα. ὁ ἀγαπῶν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα ἑαυτὸν ἀγαπᾷ ουτως οφειλουσιν οι ανδρες αγαπαν τας εαυτων γυναικας ως τα εαυτων σωματα ο αγαπων την εαυτου γυναικα εαυτον αγαπα ουτως οφειλουσιν οι ανδρες αγαπαν τας εαυτων γυναικας ως τα εαυτων σωματα ο αγαπων την εαυτου γυναικα εαυτον αγαπα

John 4:9 (NET)

John 4:9 (KJV)

So the Samaritan woman said to him, “How can you—a Jew—ask me, a Samaritan woman, for water to drink?” (For Jews use nothing in common with Samaritans.) Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans.

NET Parallel Greek

Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

λέγει οὖν αὐτῷ ἡ γυνὴ ἡ Σαμαρῖτις· πῶς σὺ Ἰουδαῖος ὢν παρ᾿ ἐμοῦ πεῖν αἰτεῖς γυναικὸς Σαμαρίτιδος οὔσης; |(οὐ γὰρ συγχρῶνται Ἰουδαῖοι Σαμαρίταις.)| λεγει ουν αυτω η γυνη η σαμαρειτις πως συ ιουδαιος ων παρ εμου πιειν αιτεις ουσης γυναικος σαμαρειτιδος ου γαρ συγχρωνται ιουδαιοι σαμαρειταις λεγει ουν αυτω η γυνη η σαμαρειτις πως συ ιουδαιος ων παρ εμου πιειν αιτεις ουσης γυναικος σαμαρειτιδος ου γαρ συγχρωνται ιουδαιοι σαμαρειταις

1 2 Samuel 15:37 (NET)

2 2 Samuel 16:17 (NET)

3 2 Samuel 16:18, 19 (NET)  See: David’s command to Hushai, 2 Samuel 15:34 (NET).

4 2 Samuel 16:20b (NET)

5 2 Samuel 16:23 (NET)

6 2 Samuel 15:31 (NET) Table

7 1 Samuel 13:13 (NET)

8 2 Samuel 16:21 (NET)

11 2 Samuel 16:22 (NET)

13 2 Samuel 12:11 (NET) Table

14 The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had καὶ (possibly also) following ought.  The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text did not.

15 The Stephanus Textus Receptus, Byzantine Majority Text and NA28 had αὐτοῦ (KJV: His) here.  The NET parallel Greek text did not.

20 2 Samuel 12:8 (NET) Table

21 1 Samuel 18:12 (NET)